Cohen-Inbar Or, Zaaroor Menashe
1Department of Neurological Surgery,Rambam Health Care Center,Haifa,Israel.
Can J Neurol Sci. 2016 Jul;43(4):494-502. doi: 10.1017/cjn.2016.34.
Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain neoplasm having a mean survival time of <24 months. This figure remains constant, despite significant progress in medical research and treatment. The lack of an efficient anti-tumor immune response and the micro-invasive nature of the glioma malignant cells have been explained by a multitude of immune-suppressive mechanisms, proven in different models. These immune-resistant capabilities of the tumor result in a complex interplay this tumor shares with the immune system. We present a short review on the immunology of GBM, discussing the different unique pathological and molecular features of GBM, current treatment modalities, the principles of cancer immunotherapy and the link between GBM and melanoma. Current knowledge on immunological features of GBM, as well as immunotherapy past and current clinical trials, is discussed in an attempt to broadly present the complex and formidable challenges posed by GBM.
多形性胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）是最常见的原发性恶性脑肿瘤，平均生存时间小于24个月。尽管医学研究和治疗取得了重大进展，但这一数字仍保持不变。多种免疫抑制机制解释了缺乏有效的抗肿瘤免疫反应以及胶质瘤恶性细胞的微侵袭性，这在不同模型中得到了证实。肿瘤的这些免疫抗性能力导致了肿瘤与免疫系统之间的复杂相互作用。我们对GBM的免疫学进行简要综述，讨论GBM不同的独特病理和分子特征、当前的治疗方式、癌症免疫治疗的原则以及GBM与黑色素瘤之间的联系。本文讨论了GBM免疫特征的当前知识，以及过去和当前的免疫治疗临床试验，试图广泛呈现GBM带来的复杂而艰巨的挑战。
