Ravetto Enri Simone, Renna Manuela, Probo Massimiliano, Lussiana Carola, Battaglini Luca M, Lonati Michele, Lombardi Giampiero
Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy.
J Sci Food Agric. 2017 Mar;97(4):1252-1259. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.7858. Epub 2016 Jul 13.
Plant composition of species-rich mountain grasslands can affect the sensorial and chemical attributes of dairy and meat products, with implications for human health. A multivariate approach was used to analyse the complex relationships between vegetation characteristics (botanical composition and plant community variables) and chemical composition (proximate constituents and fatty acid profile) in mesophilic and dry vegetation ecological groups, comprising six different semi-natural grassland types in the Western Italian Alps.
Mesophilic and dry grasslands were comparable in terms of phenology, biodiversity indices and proportion of botanical families. The content of total fatty acids and that of the most abundant fatty acids (alpha-linolenic, linoleic and palmitic acids) were mainly associated to nutrient-rich plant species, belonging to the mesophilic grassland ecological group. Mesophilic grasslands showed also higher values of crude protein, lower values of fibre content and they were related to higher pastoral values of vegetation compared to dry grasslands. The proximate composition and fatty acid profile appeared mainly single species dependent rather than botanical family dependent.
These findings highlight that forage from mesophilic grasslands can provide higher nutritive value for ruminants and may be associated to ruminant-derived food products with a healthier fatty acid profile. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
物种丰富的山地草原的植物组成会影响乳制品和肉类产品的感官及化学属性，对人类健康有影响。采用多变量方法分析了意大利西部阿尔卑斯山六种不同半天然草地类型的中生植被和干旱植被生态组中植被特征（植物组成和植物群落变量）与化学成分（近似成分和脂肪酸谱）之间的复杂关系。
中生草地和干旱草地在物候、生物多样性指数和植物科比例方面具有可比性。总脂肪酸含量以及最丰富的脂肪酸（α-亚麻酸、亚油酸和棕榈酸）含量主要与属于中生草地生态组的富营养植物物种相关。与干旱草地相比，中生草地还具有更高的粗蛋白值、更低的纤维含量值，并且与更高的植被畜牧价值相关。近似成分和脂肪酸谱似乎主要取决于单一物种而非植物科。
这些发现表明，中生草地的草料可为反刍动物提供更高的营养价值，并且可能与脂肪酸谱更健康的反刍动物衍生食品相关。© 2016 化学工业协会。
