Lyyra Pessi, Wirth James H, Hietanen Jari K
a Human Information Processing Laboratory, School of Social Sciences and Humanities/Psychology , University of Tampere , Tampere , Finland.
b Department of Psychology , The Ohio State University at Newark , Newark , OH , USA.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2017 Aug;70(8):1713-1721. doi: 10.1080/17470218.2016.1204327. Epub 2016 Jul 7.
Ostracized individuals demonstrate an increased need for belonging. To satisfy this need, they search for signals of inclusion, one of which may be another person's gaze directed at oneself. We tested if ostracized, compared to included, individuals judge a greater degree of averted gaze as still being direct. This range of gaze angles still viewed as direct has been dubbed "the cone of (direct) gaze". In the current research, ostracized and included participants viewed friendly-looking face stimuli with direct or slightly averted gaze (0°, 2°, 4°, 6°, and 8° to the left and to the right) and judged whether stimulus persons were looking at them or not. Ostracized individuals demonstrated a wider gaze cone than included individuals.
被排斥的个体表现出对归属感的需求增加。为了满足这种需求，他们会寻找接纳的信号，其中之一可能是他人看向自己的目光。我们测试了与被接纳的个体相比，被排斥的个体是否会将更大角度的回避目光仍判断为直接目光。这种仍被视为直接目光的目光角度范围被称为“（直接）注视锥”。在当前的研究中，被排斥和被接纳的参与者观看了带有直接或略微回避目光（向左和向右分别为0°、2°、4°、6°和8°）的友善面孔刺激，并判断刺激面孔中的人是否在看他们。被排斥的个体比被接纳的个体表现出更宽的注视锥。
