Liu Gang, Zhang Qiuli, Wang Wei
Department of Neonatology, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, China.
Department of Neonatology, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, China -
Minerva Pediatr. 2017 Feb;69(1):66-71. doi: 10.23736/S0026-4946.16.04582-5. Epub 2016 Jun 21.
Preterm infants (<32 weeks), who are unable to breastfeed, are fed with expressed maternal milk via a nasogastric tube. Mothers of these infants often experience difficulties in establishing and maintaining lactation. The majority of women excrete cytomegalovirus (CMV) in their breast milk. CMV transmitted through maternal milk could cause symptomatic infection in preterm infants presenting as a sepsis like syndrome, pneumonitis, hepatopathy or enterocolitis. Routine freezing of maternal milk decreases the CMV load in breast milk and is used in some neonatal centers to reduce CMV transmission to preterm infants. In the present review article, the existing routine procedures pertaining to breast milk use for preterm infants will be explained, and the current views on associated CMV infection in preterm infants will be discussed, including diagnostics and therapeutic strategies.
孕周小于32周的早产儿无法进行母乳喂养，需通过鼻胃管喂食挤出的母乳。这些婴儿的母亲在建立和维持泌乳方面往往会遇到困难。大多数女性的母乳中会排出巨细胞病毒（CMV）。通过母乳传播的CMV可导致早产儿出现有症状的感染，表现为败血症样综合征、肺炎、肝病或小肠结肠炎。常规冷冻母乳可降低母乳中的CMV载量，一些新生儿中心采用此方法来减少CMV传播给早产儿。在本篇综述文章中，将解释目前用于早产儿母乳的常规程序，并讨论目前对早产儿相关CMV感染的观点，包括诊断和治疗策略。
