Department of Physics, Queens College and Graduate Center of The City University of New York, Queens, New York 11367, USA.
Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
Nat Commun. 2016 Jun 22;7:12045. doi: 10.1038/ncomms12045.
Optical activity and circular dichroism are fascinating physical phenomena originating from the interaction of light with chiral molecules or other nano objects lacking mirror symmetries in three-dimensional (3D) space. While chiral optical properties are weak in most of naturally occurring materials, they can be engineered and significantly enhanced in synthetic optical media known as chiral metamaterials, where the spatial symmetry of their building blocks is broken on a nanoscale. Although originally discovered in 3D structures, circular dichroism can also emerge in a two-dimensional (2D) metasurface. The origin of the resulting circular dichroism is rather subtle, and is related to non-radiative (Ohmic) dissipation of the constituent metamolecules. Because such dissipation occurs on a nanoscale, this effect has never been experimentally probed and visualized. Using a suite of recently developed nanoscale-measurement tools, we establish that the circular dichroism in a nanostructured metasurface occurs due to handedness-dependent Ohmic heating.
旋光性和圆二色性是迷人的物理现象，源于光与手性分子或其他在三维（3D）空间中缺乏镜像对称性的纳米物体的相互作用。虽然手性光学性质在大多数天然存在的材料中较弱，但它们可以在手性超材料中进行工程设计并显著增强，在手性超材料中，其构建块的空间对称性在纳米尺度上被打破。尽管最初在 3D 结构中发现，但圆二色性也可以在二维（2D）超表面中出现。由此产生的圆二色性的起源相当微妙，与组成超分子的非辐射（欧姆）耗散有关。由于这种耗散发生在纳米尺度上，因此该效应从未在实验中进行过探测和可视化。使用一系列最近开发的纳米尺度测量工具，我们确定纳米结构超表面中的圆二色性是由于手性相关的欧姆加热引起的。
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