Nakayachi K
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Letters, Doshisha University, Kyoto.
Shinrigaku Kenkyu. 1989 Feb;59(6):361-4. doi: 10.4992/jjpsy.59.361.
Some researchers reported that subjects showed higher memory performance for atypical activities than scripted activities. This study aimed at determining which was more valid to explain such results, a "scriptpointer plus tag (SP + T)" hypothesis or a "resource allocation" explanation. Sixty undergraduate students listened to six scripted stories, three of which contained atypical activity in the middle of the serial position. After a 30 minute intervening task, they were unexpectedly asked to recall the stories. The SP + T hypothesis posits conceptual representation, and it predicts that the atypical activity is recalled at higher probability than the scripted activities in a story. On the other hand, the resource allocation explanation attributes memory performance to the amount of resources allocated at input, and it predicts that not only the atypical activity but also the scripted activity presented immediately after the atypical activity in a serial position is recalled at higher probability than the other scripted activities. The results were consistent with the SP + T hypothesis.
一些研究人员报告称，与按常规模式进行的活动相比，实验对象对非典型活动的记忆表现更佳。本研究旨在确定哪种解释能更有效地说明这一结果，即“脚本指针加标签（SP + T）”假说还是“资源分配”解释。60名本科生听了六个按常规模式讲述的故事，其中三个在序列位置的中间包含非典型活动。在进行30分钟的干扰任务后，他们被意外要求回忆这些故事。SP + T假说提出了概念表征，并预测在一个故事中，非典型活动比按常规模式进行的活动更有可能被回忆起来。另一方面，资源分配解释将记忆表现归因于输入时分配的资源量，并预测不仅非典型活动，而且在序列位置上紧随非典型活动之后出现的按常规模式进行的活动，比其他按常规模式进行的活动更有可能被回忆起来。结果与SP + T假说一致。
