在电子健康中使用视觉模拟量表：生活方式干预中的无应答效应
Using Visual Analogue Scales in eHealth: Non-Response Effects in a Lifestyle Intervention.
作者信息
Kuhlmann Tim, Reips Ulf-Dietrich, Wienert Julian, Lippke Sonia
机构信息
Research Methods, Assessment & iScience, Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
出版信息
J Med Internet Res. 2016 Jun 22;18(6):e126. doi: 10.2196/jmir.5271.
BACKGROUND
Visual analogue scales (VASs) have been shown to be valid measurement instruments and a better alternative to Likert-type scales in Internet-based research, both empirically and theoretically [1,2]. Upsides include more differentiated responses, better measurement level, and less error. Their feasibility and properties in the context of eHealth, however, have not been examined so far.
OBJECTIVE
The present study examined VASs in the context of a lifestyle study conducted online, measuring the impact of VASs on distributional properties and non-response.
METHOD
A sample of 446 participants with a mean age of 52.4 years (standard deviation (SD) = 12.1) took part in the study. The study was carried out as a randomized controlled trial, aimed at supporting participants over 8 weeks with an additional follow-up measurement. In addition to the randomized questionnaire, participants were further randomly assigned to either a Likert-type or VAS response scale version of the measures.
RESULTS
Results showed that SDs were lower for items answered via VASs, 2P (Y ≥ 47 | n=55, P=.5) < .001. Means did not differ across versions. Participants in the VAS version showed lower dropout rates than participants in the Likert version, odds ratio = 0.75, 90% CI (0.58-0.98), P=.04. Number of missing values did not differ between questionnaire versions.
CONCLUSIONS
The VAS is shown to be a valid instrument in the eHealth context, offering advantages over Likert-type scales. The results of the study provide further support for the use of VASs in Internet-based research, extending the scope to senior samples in the health context.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01909349; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01909349 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6h88sLw2Y).
背景
视觉模拟量表（VAS）已被证明是有效的测量工具，在基于互联网的研究中，从经验和理论上来说，它都是比李克特式量表更好的选择[1,2]。其优点包括反应更具差异性、测量水平更高以及误差更小。然而，到目前为止，尚未对其在电子健康背景下的可行性和特性进行研究。
目的
本研究在一项在线生活方式研究的背景下对视觉模拟量表进行了考察，测量了视觉模拟量表对分布特性和无应答情况的影响。
方法
446名平均年龄为52.4岁（标准差（SD）=12.1）的参与者参与了该研究。该研究作为一项随机对照试验进行，旨在在8周内为参与者提供支持，并进行额外的随访测量。除了随机问卷外，参与者还被进一步随机分配到该测量的李克特式或视觉模拟量表应答量表版本。
结果
结果显示，通过视觉模拟量表回答的项目的标准差较低，2P（Y≥47|n=55，P=.5）<.001。各版本的均值没有差异。视觉模拟量表版本的参与者的退出率低于李克特版本的参与者，优势比=0.75，90%置信区间（0.58 - 0.98），P=.04。问卷版本之间的缺失值数量没有差异。
结论
视觉模拟量表在电子健康背景下被证明是一种有效的工具，比李克特式量表具有优势。该研究结果为在基于互联网的研究中使用视觉模拟量表提供了进一步支持，将其范围扩展到健康背景下的老年样本。
试验注册
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01909349；https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01909349（由WebCite存档于http://www.webcitation.org/6h88sLw2Y）。
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