Neuroimaging Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Academy for social studies, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Neuroimaging Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen, The Netherlands.
NPJ Schizophr. 2015 Sep 23;1:15026. doi: 10.1038/npjschz.2015.26. eCollection 2015.
Previous research has shown that patients with schizophrenia experience difficulties with emotion regulation and activate prefrontal regions to a lesser extent during reappraisal of emotional information. It has been suggested that problems in emotion regulation might precede the onset of psychosis. Therefore, it could be hypothesized that also individuals at ultrahigh risk (UHR) for developing psychosis experience difficulties with emotion regulation.
The aim of the current study was to investigate whether individuals at UHR for developing psychosis show abnormal brain activation during reappraisal of negative pictures.
Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we scanned 15 UHR participants and 16 matched healthy controls while performing an emotion regulation task. During this task, participants had to reappraise their negative emotion elicited by International Affective Picture System pictures. Furthermore, the reported use of reappraisal was examined with the emotion regulation questionnaire (ERQ).
Individuals at UHR for psychosis showed less activation in the left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex during reappraisal compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, they reported less use of reappraisal in daily life (P=0.01; 95% CI (0.24-1.63)).
These findings indicate that dysfunctional emotion regulation may already occur in individuals at risk for psychosis. These regulation difficulties are underpinned by less ventrolateral prefrontal cortex activation, and may result in high negative affect, lower social functioning, and high rates of psychotic symptoms.
先前的研究表明，精神分裂症患者在情绪再评估过程中，情绪调节存在困难，并且前额叶区域的激活程度较低。有人提出，情绪调节问题可能先于精神病的发作。因此，我们可以假设，处于精神病高危状态（UHR）的个体在情绪调节方面也存在困难。
本研究旨在探讨处于精神病高危状态的个体在重新评估负面图片时是否存在大脑激活异常。
使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI），我们对 15 名处于精神病高危状态的参与者和 16 名匹配的健康对照组进行了扫描，同时进行情绪调节任务。在这项任务中，参与者需要重新评估国际情感图片系统图片引发的负面情绪。此外，使用情绪调节问卷（ERQ）来检查报告的再评价使用情况。
与健康对照组相比，处于精神病高危状态的个体在重新评价时，左侧腹外侧前额叶皮层的激活程度较低。此外，他们在日常生活中报告的再评价使用较少（P=0.01；95%置信区间（0.24-1.63））。
这些发现表明，情绪调节功能障碍可能已经发生在精神病高危个体中。这些调节困难的背后是腹外侧前额叶皮层的激活程度较低，可能导致高负面情绪、较低的社会功能和较高的精神病症状发生率。
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