Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
PLoS One. 2013 Jul 18;8(7):e69071. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069071. Print 2013.
The ability to regulate emotions is a critical component of healthy emotional functioning. Therefore, it is important to determine factors that contribute to the efficacy of emotion regulation. The present article examined whether the ability to update emotional information in working memory is a predictor of the efficacy of rumination and reappraisal on affective experience both at the trait level (Study 1) and in daily life (Study 2). In both studies, results revealed that the relationship between use of reappraisal and high arousal negative emotions was moderated by updating ability. Specifically, use of reappraisal was associated with decreased high arousal negative emotions for participants with high updating ability, while no significant relationship was found for those with low updating ability. In addition, both studies also revealed that the relationship between rumination and high arousal negative emotions was moderated by updating ability. In general, use of rumination was associated with elevated high arousal negative emotions. However, this relationship was blunted for participants with high updating ability. That is, use of rumination was associated with less elevated high arousal negative emotions for participants with high updating ability. These results identify the ability to update emotional information in working memory as a crucial process modulating the efficacy of emotion regulation efforts.
情绪调节能力是健康情绪功能的一个关键组成部分。因此，确定有助于情绪调节效果的因素非常重要。本文研究了在工作记忆中更新情绪信息的能力是否可以预测反思和重评对特质水平（研究 1）和日常生活（研究 2）中情绪体验的效果。在这两项研究中，结果都表明，重评的使用与高唤醒负性情绪之间的关系受到更新能力的调节。具体来说，对于更新能力高的参与者，使用重评与降低高唤醒负性情绪有关，而对于更新能力低的参与者，则没有发现显著的关系。此外，这两项研究还揭示了反思与高唤醒负性情绪之间的关系受到更新能力的调节。一般来说，反思的使用与高唤醒负性情绪有关。然而，对于更新能力高的参与者来说，这种关系变得不那么明显了。也就是说，对于更新能力高的参与者，使用反思与降低高唤醒负性情绪有关。这些结果表明，在工作记忆中更新情绪信息的能力是调节情绪调节效果的关键过程。
