Department of Internal Medicine, Wheaton Franciscan Medical Group, Hales Corners, WI 53130.
Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908.
Microbiol Spectr. 2015 Dec;3(6). doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.IOL5-0008-2015.
Marine and coastal regions provide a diverse range of foods and serve as recreation and leisure areas for large numbers of people in many parts of the world. However, they also serve as environments associated with numerous hazards. The number of cases of fish- and shellfish-related food poisonings in the United States has increased in recent years, accounting for over 600,000 illnesses, with 3,000 hospitalizations and 94 deaths annually. Human diseases due to pathogenic Vibrio species can result from both ingestion of contaminated shellfish and exposure of open wounds to contaminated seawater. A variety of infections may result from human interactions with marine life, including sharks, barracudas, and moray eels. This chapter covers some of the risks of the shore, including fish and shellfish intoxications, infections related to Vibrio species, and infections resulting from marine trauma.
海洋和沿海地区为世界许多地区的大量人们提供了多种多样的食物，并成为娱乐和休闲的场所。然而，它们也是与许多危险相关的环境。近年来，美国因食用鱼和贝类而引起的食物中毒病例有所增加，每年有超过 60 万人患病，3000 人住院，94 人死亡。人类因致病性弧菌属而患病，既可能是因为食用了受污染的贝类，也可能是因为开放性伤口接触了受污染的海水。人类与海洋生物（包括鲨鱼、梭鱼和海鳗）的互动可能导致各种感染。本章介绍了一些与海岸相关的风险，包括鱼和贝类中毒、与弧菌属相关的感染以及海洋创伤引起的感染。
