Swain Thomas A, McGwin Gerald, Griffin Russell
Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Center for Injury Sciences and Section of Trauma, Burns, and Surgical Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
The Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Inj Prev. 2016 Dec;22(6):396-399. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2016-041997. Epub 2016 Jun 23.
Previous studies have reported that children are at risk of severe injuries from exposure to laundry detergent pods. For the first time, this study sought to compare demographic and exposure characteristics and risk among children exposed to pod and non-pod laundry detergents presenting to emergency departments (EDs).
Data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) from 2012-2014 were used. All observations with injuries involving laundry detergent (NEISS code 0949) were included in this study. The χ test was used for bivariate analysis and logistic regression was used to determine the OR and 95% CI of hospitalisation for pod related versus non-pod laundry detergent exposures.
From 2012-2014, there were an estimated 26 062 non-pod and 9814 pod laundry detergent related exposures among those aged 18 years and younger. For pod detergent, children aged 0-5 years had the most injuries. Poisoning (71.3%) was the most common diagnosis for pod detergent while contact dermatitis (72.2%) was most common for non-pod detergent. Hospitalisation occurred in 12.5% of pod detergent cases and just 3.0% of non-pod cases. Compared with non-pod detergent, those exposed to pod detergent were 4 times as likely to be hospitalised (OR 4.02; 95% CI 1.96 to 8.24).
A greater effort should be made to appropriately educate the public about the dangers of laundry detergents, specifically pods, so a safe home environment can be established. While new regulations such as childproof containers, opaque packaging, and less appealing and colourful pods could reduce the number of pod related ED visits for children, caregivers should store detergents, along with other chemicals, in a secure location where children cannot easily access them.
既往研究报告称，儿童接触洗衣凝珠有遭受严重伤害的风险。本研究首次试图比较前往急诊科就诊的接触洗衣凝珠和非洗衣凝珠洗涤剂的儿童的人口统计学特征、接触特征及风险。
使用了2012 - 2014年国家电子伤害监测系统（NEISS）的数据。本研究纳入了所有涉及洗衣洗涤剂受伤的观察病例（NEISS编码0949）。χ检验用于双变量分析，逻辑回归用于确定与洗衣凝珠相关暴露和非洗衣凝珠洗涤剂暴露相比的住院比值比（OR）及95%置信区间（CI）。
2012 - 2014年，18岁及以下人群中估计有26062次非洗衣凝珠洗涤剂相关暴露和9814次洗衣凝珠洗涤剂相关暴露。对于洗衣凝珠洗涤剂，0至5岁儿童受伤最多。中毒（71.3%）是洗衣凝珠洗涤剂最常见的诊断，而接触性皮炎（72.2%）是非洗衣凝珠洗涤剂最常见的诊断。12.5%的洗衣凝珠洗涤剂病例需要住院治疗，而非洗衣凝珠洗涤剂病例仅为3.0%。与非洗衣凝珠洗涤剂相比，接触洗衣凝珠洗涤剂的人住院可能性高4倍（OR 4.02；95% CI 1.96至8.24）。
应做出更大努力，向公众适当地宣传洗衣洗涤剂（特别是洗衣凝珠）的危险性，以便建立一个安全的家庭环境。虽然诸如儿童安全容器、不透明包装以及不那么吸引人且颜色不那么鲜艳的洗衣凝珠等新规定可以减少儿童因洗衣凝珠前往急诊科就诊的次数，但护理人员应将洗涤剂与其他化学品一起存放在儿童不易拿到的安全地方。
