Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (National Institute of Public Health), Cuernavaca, Mexico.
Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (Andalusian School of Public Health), Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
Environ Res. 2016 Oct;150:357-363. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.05.054. Epub 2016 Jun 24.
Several studies have suggested that exposure to DDT may be related to changes in thyroid hormone levels in animals and humans, even though results across studies are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to assess the association between exposure to p,p'-DDE (a stable metabolite of DDT) and serum levels of thyroid hormones in floriculture workers. A longitudinal study was conducted on 136 male subjects from the States of Mexico and Morelos, Mexico, who were occupationally exposed to pesticides, during agricultural periods of high (rainy season) and low (dry season) levels of pesticide application. Using a structured questionnaire, a survey was carried out on socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometry, clinical history, alcohol and tobacco consumption, residential chemical exposure, and occupational history. Blood and urine samples were collected to determine serum levels of TSH, total T3, total T4, and p,p'-DDE, and metabolites of organophosphate pesticides (OP), respectively. The analysis of the associations between p,p'-DDE levels and thyroid hormone profile adjusting by potential confounding variables including urinary OP metabolites was carried out using multivariate generalized estimating equation (GEE) models. Our results showed that the geometric means of p,p'-DDE levels were 6.17 ng/ml and 4.71 ng/ml in the rainy and dry seasons, respectively. We observed positive associations between the serum levels of p,p'-DDE and those of total T3 (β=0.01, 95% CI: -0.009, 0.03), and total T4 (β=0.08, 95% CI:0.03, 0.14) and negative but no significant changes in TSH in male floricultural workers, supporting the hypothesis that acts as thyroid disruptor in humans.
几项研究表明，接触滴滴涕可能与动物和人类甲状腺激素水平的变化有关，尽管各研究的结果不一致。本研究旨在评估 p,p'-滴滴涕（滴滴涕的稳定代谢物）暴露与花卉工人血清甲状腺激素水平之间的关系。对来自墨西哥州和莫雷洛斯州的 136 名男性职业性接触农药的男性进行了一项纵向研究，这些男性在农药应用的高（雨季）和低（旱季）水平期间暴露于农药。使用结构化问卷，对社会人口统计学特征、人体测量学、临床病史、酒精和烟草消费、居住化学暴露和职业史进行了调查。采集血样和尿样，以分别测定血清 TSH、总 T3、总 T4 和 p,p'-滴滴涕以及有机磷农药（OP）代谢物的水平。通过多元广义估计方程（GEE）模型，对调整了潜在混杂因素（包括尿 OP 代谢物）后 p,p'-滴滴涕水平与甲状腺激素谱之间的关联进行了分析。我们的结果表明，雨季和旱季 p,p'-滴滴涕水平的几何平均值分别为 6.17ng/ml 和 4.71ng/ml。我们观察到血清 p,p'-滴滴涕水平与总 T3（β=0.01，95%置信区间：-0.009，0.03）和总 T4（β=0.08，95%置信区间：0.03，0.14）呈正相关，与 TSH 呈负相关，但无统计学意义变化，支持滴滴涕在人体内具有甲状腺干扰物作用的假说。
