Llewellyn Julia-Rebecca, Krupka-Dyachenko Inke, Rettinger Anna Lena, Dyachenko Viktor, Stamm Ivonne, Kopp Peter Andreas, Straubinger Reinhard Konrad, Hartmann Katrin
Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 2016 May-Jun;129(5-6):251-7.
Leptospirosis is classified as a re-emerging zoonotic disease with global impor- tance. The aim of this study was to determine urinary shedding of leptospires in healthy dogs and to identify the shedded leptospire species. Furthermore, antibody presence against leptospires was evaluated. In a prospective study urine samples of 200 healthy dogs from Upper Bavaria were randomly collected and evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) specific for the lipL32 gene of pathogenic Leptospira (L) spp. Positive samples were further character- ized via multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to identify the Leptospira species. Microagglutination test (MAT) was performed to determine serum antibody titers. Three of 200 urine samples were found to be PCR-positive resulting in a urinary shedding prevalence of 1.5% (95% confidence interval 0.3-4.5%). All three dogs had been vaccinated before with a bivalent vaccine, covering the serogroups Canicola and lcterohaemorrhagiae. One dog shed leptospires of the species L. borgpetersenii, and two of the species L. interrogans. Of all dogs, 17.0% had antibody titers ≥ 1:100, and 3.5% titers ≥ 1:400 to serovars of non-vaccinal sero- groups. Healthy dogs that shed leptospires represent a possible risk for humans and other animals. The study emphasizes the importance of general hygiene measures in veterinary practice while handling urine of all dogs, and the use of vaccines that protect against a broader range of serogroups and that prevent urinary shedding.
钩端螺旋体病被归类为一种具有全球重要性的再度出现的人畜共患病。本研究的目的是确定健康犬尿液中钩端螺旋体的排出情况，并鉴定所排出的钩端螺旋体种类。此外，还评估了针对钩端螺旋体的抗体存在情况。在一项前瞻性研究中，随机收集了来自上巴伐利亚州的200只健康犬的尿液样本，并通过针对致病性钩端螺旋体（L）属lipL32基因的实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）进行评估。阳性样本通过多位点序列分型（MLST）进一步鉴定钩端螺旋体种类。进行微量凝集试验（MAT）以确定血清抗体滴度。200份尿液样本中有3份被发现PCR呈阳性，尿液排出患病率为1.5%（95%置信区间0.3 - 4.5%）。所有三只犬之前都接种过二价疫苗，涵盖犬型和出血性黄疸型血清群。一只犬排出博氏钩端螺旋体，两只犬排出问号钩端螺旋体。在所有犬中，17.0%的犬针对非疫苗血清群血清型的抗体滴度≥1:100，3.5%的犬滴度≥1:400。排出钩端螺旋体的健康犬对人类和其他动物构成潜在风险。该研究强调了兽医实践中在处理所有犬的尿液时采取一般卫生措施的重要性，以及使用能预防更广泛血清群并防止尿液排出的疫苗的重要性。
