Hückelhoven Ralph, Seidl Anna
a Phytopathology , TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich , Freising , Germany.
Plant Signal Behav. 2016 Jul 2;11(7):e1197465. doi: 10.1080/15592324.2016.1197465.
Pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) builds one of the first layers of plant disease resistance. In susceptible plants, PTI is overcome by adapted pathogens. This can be achieved by suppression of PTI with the help of pathogen virulence effectors. However, effectors may also contribute to modification of host metabolism or cell architecture to ensure successful pathogenesis. Barley responds to treatment with the pathogen-associated molecular patterns flg22 or chitin with phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and an oxidative burst. RAC/ROP GTPases can act as positive or negative modulators of these plant immune responses. The RAC/ROP GTPase RACB is a powdery mildew susceptibility factor of barley. However, RACB apparently does not negatively control early PTI responses but functions in polar cell development during invasion of the pathogen into living host epidermal cells. Here, we further discuss the incomplete picture of PTI in Triticeae.
病原体相关分子模式触发的免疫（PTI）构成了植物抗病性的第一层防线。在感病植物中，PTI会被适应性病原体克服。这可以通过病原体毒力效应子抑制PTI来实现。然而，效应子也可能有助于宿主代谢或细胞结构的改变，以确保致病过程的成功。大麦对病原体相关分子模式flg22或几丁质的处理会产生丝裂原活化蛋白激酶的磷酸化和氧化爆发反应。RAC/ROP GTP酶可以作为这些植物免疫反应的正向或负向调节因子。RAC/ROP GTP酶RACB是大麦对白粉病的感病因子。然而，RACB显然不会负向控制早期PTI反应，而是在病原体侵入活的宿主表皮细胞期间的极性细胞发育中发挥作用。在此，我们进一步讨论小麦族中PTI的不完整情况。
