Ahlqvist-Björkroth Sari, Korja Riikka, Junttila Niina, Savonlahti Elina, Pajulo Marjukka, Räihä Hannele, Aromaa Minna
University of Turku.
City of Turku.
Infant Ment Health J. 2016 Jul;37(4):388-400. doi: 10.1002/imhj.21578. Epub 2016 Jun 27.
Marital distress, parental depression, and weak quality of parental representations are all known risk factors for parent-child relationships. However, the relation between marital distress, depressive symptoms, and parents' prenatal representation is uncertain, especially regarding fathers. The present study aimed to explore how mothers' and fathers' prenatal experience of marital distress and depressive symptoms affects the organization of their prenatal representations in late pregnancy. Participants were 153 pregnant couples from a Finnish follow-up study called "Steps to the Healthy Development and Well-being of Children" (H. Lagström et al., ). Marital distress (Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale; D.M. Busby, C. Christensen, D. Crane, & J. Larson, 1995) and depressive symptoms (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) were assessed at 20 gestational weeks, and prenatal representations (Working Model of the Child Interview; D. Benoit, K.C.H. Parker, & C.H. Zeanah, 1997; C.H. Zeanah, D. Benoit, M. Barton, & L. Hirshberg, 1996) were assessed between 29 and 32 gestational weeks. The mothers' risks of distorted representations increased significantly when they had at least minor depressive symptoms. Marital distress was associated with the fathers' prenatal representations, although the association was weak; fathers within the marital distress group had less balanced representations. Coexisting marital distress and depressive symptoms were only associated with the mothers' representations; lack of marital distress and depressive symptoms increased the likelihood for mothers to have balanced representations. The results imply that marital distress and depressive symptoms are differently related to the organizations of mothers' and fathers' prenatal representations.
婚姻困扰、父母抑郁以及父母表征质量差都是已知的影响亲子关系的风险因素。然而，婚姻困扰、抑郁症状与父母产前表征之间的关系尚不确定，尤其是父亲的情况。本研究旨在探讨母亲和父亲孕期的婚姻困扰及抑郁症状体验如何影响其孕晚期产前表征的组织。研究对象来自芬兰一项名为“儿童健康发展与幸福之路”的随访研究中的153对孕妇夫妇（H. 拉格斯特伦等人）。在孕20周时评估婚姻困扰（修订的二元调适量表；D.M. 巴斯比、C. 克里斯滕森、D. 克兰和J. 拉尔森，1995年）和抑郁症状（爱丁堡产后抑郁量表），并在孕29至32周之间评估产前表征（儿童访谈工作模型；D. 贝努瓦、K.C.H. 帕克和C.H. 泽纳，1997年；C.H. 泽纳、D. 贝努瓦、M. 巴顿和L. 赫什伯格，1996年）。当母亲至少有轻微抑郁症状时，其表征扭曲的风险显著增加。婚姻困扰与父亲的产前表征有关，尽管这种关联较弱；处于婚姻困扰组的父亲的表征较不均衡。婚姻困扰和抑郁症状并存仅与母亲的表征有关；没有婚姻困扰和抑郁症状会增加母亲拥有均衡表征的可能性。结果表明，婚姻困扰和抑郁症状与母亲和父亲产前表征的组织方式的关联有所不同。
