Turner R Eugene, McClenachan Giovanna, Tweel Andrew W
Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States.
Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2016 Sep 15;110(1):316-323. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.06.046. Epub 2016 Jun 24.
Qualitative inferences and sparse bay-wide measurements suggest that shoreline erosion increased after the 2010 BP Deepwater Horizon (DWH) disaster, but quantifying the impacts has been elusive at the landscape scale. We quantified the shoreline erosion of 46 islands for before and after the DWH oil spill to determine how much shoreline was lost, if the losses were temporary, and if recovery/restoration occurred. The erosion rates at the oiled islands increased to 275% in the first six months after the oiling, were 200% of that of the unoiled islands for the first 2.5years after the oiling, and twelve times the average land loss in the deltaic plain of 0.4%y(-1) from 1988 to 2011. These results support the hypothesis that oiling compromised the belowground biomass of the emergent vegetation. The islands are, in effect, sentinels of marsh stability already in decline before the oil spill.
定性推断和稀疏的全湾测量表明，2010年英国石油公司深水地平线（DWH）灾难后海岸线侵蚀加剧，但在景观尺度上量化其影响一直难以实现。我们对46个岛屿在DWH漏油事件前后的海岸线侵蚀情况进行了量化，以确定损失了多少海岸线、这些损失是否是暂时的，以及是否发生了恢复/修复。受油岛屿的侵蚀率在受油后的前六个月增加到275%，在受油后的前2.5年是未受油岛屿的200%，是1988年至2011年三角洲平原平均土地流失率0.4%y（-1）的12倍。这些结果支持了油污损害了挺水植被地下生物量的假设。实际上，这些岛屿是漏油事件前就已处于衰退状态的沼泽稳定性的哨兵。
