Trueblood Amber B, Forrester Mathias B, Han Daikwon, Shipp Eva M, Cizmas Leslie H
a Department of Environmental and Occupational Health , Texas A&M Health Science Center School of Public Health , College Station , TX , USA.
b Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries Section, Poison Control Program , Texas Department of State Health Services , Austin , TX , USA.
Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2016 Nov;54(9):852-856. doi: 10.1080/15563650.2016.1201676. Epub 2016 Jun 28.
Although national poison center data show that pesticides were the 8th most commonly reported substance category (3.27%) for children aged ≤5 years in 2014, there is limited information on childhood and adolescent pesticide exposures.
This study assessed pesticide-related poison center exposures in children and adolescents aged ≤19 years from 2000-2013 in Texas to characterize the potential burden of pesticides.
Pesticide-related poison center exposures among children and adolescents aged ≤19 years reported to Texas poison centers were identified. The distribution of exposures was estimated by gender, age category, medical outcome, management site, exposure route, and pesticide category.
From 2000 to 2013, there were 61,147 pesticide-related poison center exposures in children and adolescents aged ≤19 years. The prevalence was highest among males at 864.24 per 100,000 population. The prevalence of unintentional exposures was highest among children aged ≤5 years at 2310.69 per 100,000 population, whereas the prevalence of intentional exposures was highest among adolescents aged 13-19 years at 13.82 per 100,000 population. A majority of medical outcomes reported were classified as having no effect (30.24%) and not followed, but minimal clinical effects possible (42.74%). Of all the exposures, 81.24% were managed on site. However, 57% of intentional exposures were referred to or treated at a health-care facility. The most common routes of exposure were ingestion (80.83%) and dermal (17.21%). The most common pesticide categories included rodenticides (30.02%), pyrethrins/pyrethroids (20.69%), and other and unspecified insecticides (18.14%).
The study found differences in the frequency of exposures by intent for sex and age categories, and identified the most common medical outcomes, management site, exposure route, and pesticide category.
Through characterizing pesticide-related poison center exposures, future interventions can be designed to address groups with higher prevalence of exposure.
尽管国家毒物中心数据显示，2014年农药是5岁及以下儿童报告的第8大常见物质类别（3.27%），但关于儿童和青少年农药暴露的信息有限。
本研究评估了2000 - 2013年德克萨斯州19岁及以下儿童和青少年与农药相关的毒物中心暴露情况，以描述农药的潜在负担。
确定向德克萨斯州毒物中心报告的19岁及以下儿童和青少年与农药相关的毒物中心暴露情况。通过性别、年龄类别、医疗结局、处理地点、暴露途径和农药类别估计暴露分布。
2000年至2013年，19岁及以下儿童和青少年有61,147次与农药相关的毒物中心暴露。男性患病率最高，为每10万人864.24例。5岁及以下儿童无意暴露患病率最高，为每10万人2310.69例，而13 - 19岁青少年有意暴露患病率最高，为每10万人13.82例。报告的大多数医疗结局被归类为无影响（30.24%）且未随访，但可能有最小的临床影响（42.74%）。在所有暴露中，81.24%在现场处理。然而，57%的有意暴露被转诊或在医疗机构治疗。最常见的暴露途径是摄入（80.83%）和皮肤接触（17.21%）。最常见的农药类别包括杀鼠剂（30.02%）、除虫菊酯/拟除虫菊酯（20.69%）以及其他和未指定的杀虫剂（18.14%）。
该研究发现了按性别和年龄类别划分的不同暴露意图频率差异，并确定了最常见的医疗结局、处理地点、暴露途径和农药类别。
通过描述与农药相关的毒物中心暴露情况，可为未来干预措施的设计提供依据，以应对暴露患病率较高的群体。
