Prus Adam J, Porter Joseph H
Department of Psychology, Northern Michigan University, Marquette, MI, USA.
Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
Curr Top Behav Neurosci. 2018;39:213-241. doi: 10.1007/7854_2016_27.
Drug discrimination is a powerful tool for evaluating the stimulus effects of psychoactive drugs and for linking these effects to pharmacological mechanisms. This chapter reviews the primary findings from drug discrimination studies of antidepressant and anxiolytic drugs, including novel pharmacological mechanisms. The stimulus properties revealed from these animal studies largely correspond to the receptor affinities of antidepressant and anxiolytic drugs, indicating that subjective effects may correspond to either therapeutic or side effects of these medications. We discuss drug discrimination findings concerning adjunctive medications and novel pharmacologic strategies in antidepressant and anxiolytic research. Future directions for drug discrimination work include an urgent need to explore the subjective effects of medications in animal models, to better understand shifts in stimulus sensitivity during prolonged treatments, and to further characterize stimulus effects in female subjects. We conclude that drug discrimination is an informative preclinical procedure that reveals the interoceptive effects of pharmacological mechanisms as they relate to behaviors that are not captured in other preclinical models.
药物辨别是评估精神活性药物刺激效应以及将这些效应与药理机制相联系的有力工具。本章回顾了抗抑郁药和抗焦虑药的药物辨别研究的主要发现，包括新的药理机制。这些动物研究揭示的刺激特性在很大程度上与抗抑郁药和抗焦虑药的受体亲和力相对应，表明主观效应可能与这些药物的治疗作用或副作用相对应。我们讨论了抗抑郁和抗焦虑研究中有关辅助药物和新的药理策略的药物辨别研究结果。药物辨别工作的未来方向包括迫切需要在动物模型中探索药物的主观效应，以更好地理解长期治疗期间刺激敏感性的变化，并进一步表征雌性受试者的刺激效应。我们得出结论，药物辨别是一种信息丰富的临床前程序，它揭示了药理机制的内感受效应，因为它们与其他临床前模型中未捕捉到的行为有关。
