Jorge-Soto Cristina, Abelairas-Gómez Cristian, Barcala-Furelos Roberto, Garrido-Viñas Anxela, Navarro-Patón Rubén, Muiño-Piñeiro María, Díaz-Pereira M Pino, Rodríguez-Núñez Antonio
School of Nursing, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CLINURSID Research Group, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
CLINURSID Research Group, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; University School of Health Sciences, European Atlantic University, Santander, Spain.
Resuscitation. 2016 Sep;106:37-41. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.06.007. Epub 2016 Jun 26.
Early defibrillation should achieve the highest survival rates when applied within the first minutes after the collapse. Public access defibrillation programs have increased the population awareness of the importance of defibrillation. Schoolchildren should be trained in basic life support (BLS) skills and some countries have included BLS in their school syllabus. However, little is known of the current knowledge and ability of schoolchildren to use an automated external defibrillator (AED).
A multicentric descriptive study, 1295 children from 6 to 16 years of age without previous BLS or AED training. Subjects performed a simulation with an AED and a manikin with no training or feedback and were evaluated by means of a checklist.
A total of 258 participants (19.9%) were able to simulate an effective and safe defibrillation in less than 3min and 52 (20.1% of this group) performed it successfully. A significant correlation between objective and age group was observed (G=0.172) (p<0.001). The average time to deliver a shock was 83.3±26.4s; that time decreased significantly with age [6 YO (108.3±40.4) vs. 16 YO (64.7±18.6)s] (p<0.001).
Around 20% of schoolchildren without prior training are able to use an AED correctly in less than 3min following the device's acoustic and visual instructions. However, only one-fifth of those who showed success managed to complete the procedure satisfactorily. These facts should be considered in order to provide a more accurate definition and effective implementation of BLS/AED teaching and training at schools.
在心脏骤停后的最初几分钟内进行早期除颤应能实现最高的生存率。公众可获取除颤计划提高了公众对除颤重要性的认识。小学生应接受基本生命支持（BLS）技能培训，一些国家已将BLS纳入其学校课程。然而，对于小学生目前使用自动体外除颤器（AED）的知识和能力了解甚少。
一项多中心描述性研究，1295名6至16岁未接受过BLS或AED培训的儿童。受试者在没有培训或反馈的情况下使用AED和人体模型进行模拟，并通过检查表进行评估。
共有258名参与者（19.9%）能够在不到3分钟内模拟有效且安全的除颤，其中52人（该组的20.1%）成功完成。观察到客观指标与年龄组之间存在显著相关性（G=0.172）（p<0.001）。电击的平均时间为83.3±26.4秒；该时间随年龄显著缩短[6岁组（108.3±40.4）与16岁组（64.7±18.6）秒]（p<0.001）。
约20%未接受过先前培训的小学生能够在设备发出声光指示后的不到3分钟内正确使用AED。然而，成功完成的人中只有五分之一能够令人满意地完成该过程。在学校提供更准确的BLS/AED教学和培训定义及有效实施时应考虑这些事实。
