Mazurek Micah O, Engelhardt Christopher R, Hilgard Joseph, Sohl Kristin
*Department of Health Psychology, Thompson Center for Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; †Data Technologies, CARFAX, Inc., Columbia, MO; ‡University of Pennsylvania, Annenberg Public Policy Center, Philadelphia, PA; §Department of Child Health, Thompson Center for Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2016 Sep;37(7):525-31. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000314.
The purpose of this study was to better understand the use of screen-based media at bedtime among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The study specifically examined whether the presence of media devices in the child's bedroom, the use of media as part of the bedtime routine, and exposure to media with violent content just before bedtime were associated with sleep difficulties.
Parents of 101 children with ASD completed questionnaires assessing their children's sleep habits, bedroom media access (including television, video game devices, and computers), and patterns of nighttime media use (including timing of media exposure and violent media content).
Children with ASD who used media as part of the bedtime routine showed significantly greater sleep onset latency than those who did not (39.8 vs 16.0 minutes). Similarly, children who were exposed to media with violent content within the 30-minute period before bedtime experienced significantly greater sleep onset delays and shorter overall sleep duration. In contrast, the mere presence of bedroom media was not associated with either sleep onset latency or sleep duration.
Overall, these findings indicate that incorporating television and video games into the bedtime routine is associated with sleep onset difficulties among children with ASD. Exposure to violent media before bed is also associated with poor sleep. Families of children with ASD should be encouraged to regulate and monitor the timing and content of television and video game use, whether or not such devices are physically present in the child's bedroom.
本研究旨在更好地了解自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童在就寝时间使用基于屏幕的媒体的情况。该研究具体考察了儿童卧室中媒体设备的存在、将媒体作为就寝常规的一部分的使用情况以及就寝前接触暴力内容的媒体是否与睡眠困难有关。
101名ASD儿童的家长完成了问卷调查，评估他们孩子的睡眠习惯、卧室媒体使用情况（包括电视、电子游戏设备和电脑）以及夜间媒体使用模式（包括媒体接触时间和暴力媒体内容）。
将媒体作为就寝常规一部分使用的ASD儿童的入睡潜伏期明显长于未使用的儿童（39.8分钟对16.0分钟）。同样，在就寝前30分钟内接触暴力内容媒体的儿童入睡延迟明显更大，总体睡眠时间更短。相比之下，卧室中仅仅存在媒体与入睡潜伏期或睡眠时间均无关。
总体而言，这些发现表明，将电视和电子游戏纳入就寝常规与ASD儿童的入睡困难有关。就寝前接触暴力媒体也与睡眠质量差有关。应鼓励ASD儿童的家庭规范和监控电视和电子游戏使用的时间和内容，无论此类设备是否实际存在于孩子的卧室中。
