Fierabracci Alessandra, Del Fattore Andrea, Muraca Maurizio
Infectivology and Clinical Trials Area, Children's Hospital Bambino Gesù, 00146, Rome, Italy.
Curr Med Chem. 2016;23(27):3014-3024. doi: 10.2174/0929867323666160627112827.
Mesenchymal stem cells are spindle-like plastic adherent multipotent cells that can differentiate into multiple specialized cell types including osteoblasts, chondrocytes and adipocytes. They were isolated from many tissues and organs and they contribute to the maintenance and regeneration of several tissues. Besides their ability of self-renewal, they have recently been shown to have a clinical/therapeutic potential particularly for their immunomodulatory properties. Indeed recent studies suggested a potential application of MSCs for the treatment of experimental autoimmune disorders. It was demonstrated that their effects are in part mediated by the release of soluble factors or extracellular vesicles, including exosomes and microvesicles, stimulating or inhibiting target cells. This review will describe the secretome of MSCs, pointing the attention on the components relevant for their immunodulatory activities.
间充质干细胞是呈纺锤形、可贴壁生长的多能细胞，能够分化为多种特殊细胞类型，包括成骨细胞、软骨细胞和脂肪细胞。它们可从许多组织和器官中分离得到，并有助于多种组织的维持和再生。除了自我更新能力外，它们最近还显示出具有临床/治疗潜力，特别是因其免疫调节特性。事实上，最近的研究表明间充质干细胞在治疗实验性自身免疫性疾病方面具有潜在应用价值。已证明它们的作用部分是由可溶性因子或细胞外囊泡（包括外泌体和微囊泡）的释放介导的，这些因子或囊泡可刺激或抑制靶细胞。本综述将描述间充质干细胞的分泌组，重点关注与其免疫调节活性相关的成分。
