Division of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical Faculty, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey.
Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey.
Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2022 Aug;46(4):1973-1982. doi: 10.1007/s00266-022-02836-4. Epub 2022 Mar 18.
The extended use of autologous adipose tissue has increased the importance of the viability of fat graft cells. This experimental animal study assesses the effects of lyophilized mesenchymal stem cells on the viability and survival of autologous fat grafts.
For this prospective treatment control study, 27 male Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups, each containing nine animals. In Group 1 (control), an incision was made in the right inguinal region, and the skin was closed with 4/0 prolene sutures. In Groups 2 and 3, fat pads collected from the right groin of the rats were lipoaspirated and placed on the sternum as a subcutaneous fat graft. The skin was then closed with 4/0 prolene sutures. Saline was added to the fat grafts of the Group 2 (sham) rats, and placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cell lyophilizate (MSC-L) was administered to the fat graft in the Group 3 (treatment) rats. After three months of treatment, the adipose tissue harvested from Group 1 and the fat grafts taken from Groups 2 and 3 were assessed histopathologically, stereologically and biochemically.
Adipose tissue volume was lower in Group 2 than in Groups 1 and 3, and the adipose tissue treated with MSC-L in Group 3 was better preserved than that in Group 1. Connective tissue and vascular volumes were greater in Group 3 than those in the other groups. The normal structures of adipocytes, fibrous tissues and vessels were better preserved in Group 3 than in Group 2, and a large number of new blood vessels were noted to have formed in Group 3. Damaged cystic cells, areas of calcification and degenerated adipocytes were noted in Group 2, while the G3PDH levels increased significantly more in Group 3 than in Group 2.
It was shown that MSC-L treatment plays an active role in maintaining the volume and survival of fat grafts by promoting neovascularization in this animal experimental study.
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自体脂肪组织的广泛应用增加了脂肪细胞移植成活率的重要性。本实验动物研究评估了冻干间充质干细胞对自体脂肪移植成活率和存活的影响。
在这项前瞻性治疗对照研究中，将 27 只雄性 Wistar 白化大鼠分为三组，每组 9 只动物。在第 1 组（对照组）中，在右侧腹股沟区域切开，用 4/0 prolene 缝线关闭皮肤。在第 2 组和第 3 组中，从大鼠右侧腹股沟采集脂肪垫，作为皮下脂肪移植置于胸骨上。然后用 4/0 prolene 缝线关闭皮肤。在第 2 组（假手术）大鼠的脂肪移植中加入生理盐水，在第 3 组（治疗）大鼠的脂肪移植中给予胎盘来源的间充质干细胞冻干物（MSC-L）。治疗 3 个月后，对第 1 组采集的脂肪组织和第 2 组和第 3 组取出的脂肪移植进行组织病理学、体视学和生物化学评估。
第 2 组的脂肪组织体积低于第 1 组和第 3 组，第 3 组用 MSC-L 治疗的脂肪组织保存得更好。第 3 组的结缔组织和血管体积大于其他组。第 3 组的脂肪细胞、纤维组织和血管的正常结构保存得比第 2 组好，并且在第 3 组中观察到大量新血管形成。第 2 组可见囊性细胞损伤、钙化区和变性脂肪细胞，而第 3 组的 G3PDH 水平明显高于第 2 组。
在这项动物实验研究中，MSC-L 治疗通过促进新血管形成，在维持脂肪移植体积和成活率方面发挥了积极作用。
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