Zuśka-Prot Monika, Jaroszewski Jerzy J, Maślanka Tomasz
Katedra Farmakologii i Toksykologii, Wydział Medycyny Weterynaryjnej, Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie.
Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 2016 Jun 28;70(0):668-77. doi: 10.5604/17322693.1207511.
Asthma pathogenesis is complex and involves the interplay of many factors and actions. Airway inflammation in allergic asthma is characterized by an exaggerated activation of T helper type 2 cells, IgE production and infiltration and activation of eosinophils. The results of studies conducted in recent years indicate that the deficit of naturally occurring Foxp3+CD25+CD4+ and Foxp3+CD25+CD8+ regulatory T cells and type 1 regulatory T cells plays a pivotal role in the development of this disease. Moreover, numerous studies have provided convincing evidence that a decrease in IL-10 production and an increase in IL-17 production have an important place in the pathophysiology of asthma. TGF-β is another important cytokine involved in this disease. TGF-β has a paradoxical status in relation to asthma pathogenesis because it seems to play a role in both suppressing and promoting asthma development. This review discusses briefly clinical and experimental data concerning the involvement of T regulatory cells and IL-10, IL-17 and TGF-β in the pathogenesis of asthma.
哮喘的发病机制复杂，涉及多种因素和作用的相互影响。过敏性哮喘中的气道炎症的特征是2型辅助性T细胞过度活化、IgE产生以及嗜酸性粒细胞浸润和活化。近年来进行的研究结果表明，天然存在的Foxp3+CD25+CD4+和Foxp3+CD25+CD8+调节性T细胞及1型调节性T细胞的缺乏在该疾病的发展中起关键作用。此外，大量研究提供了令人信服的证据，表明IL-10产生减少和IL-17产生增加在哮喘的病理生理学中具有重要地位。TGF-β是参与该疾病的另一种重要细胞因子。TGF-β在哮喘发病机制方面具有矛盾的地位，因为它似乎在抑制和促进哮喘发展中都起作用。本综述简要讨论了有关调节性T细胞以及IL-10、IL-17和TGF-β参与哮喘发病机制的临床和实验数据。
