Matin N, Tabatabaie O, Falsaperla R, Pavone P, Serra A, Cocuzza S, Di Mauro P, Licciardello L, Lubrano R, Vitaliti G
Teheran University of Medical Science, Teheran, Iran.
General and Acute Paediatric Operative Unit, Policlinico-Vittorio-Emanuele University Hospital, University of Catania, Italy.
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2016 Apr-Jun;30(2):579-84.
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) was discovered in 1966 and was found responsible for immune defense against helminths, type I hypersensitivity and allergic diseases. IgE mediates allergic responses by binding to Fc receptors (the high affinity Fc-epsilon receptor I and the low affinity Fc-epsilon receptor II or CD23) expressed on tissue mast cells and blood basophils. This binding leads to degranulation and release of pro-inflammatory mediators. Considering the pivotal role of IgE in allergic diseases, antibodies against IgE potentiate an array of new therapeutic strategies and in this regard omalizumab (rhuMAb-E25, Xolair) has been developed as a monoclonal biologic drug to block serum IgEs. Although the use of omalizumab has been studied vigorously in many adult populations with allergic diseases, there are few heterogenous studies on children. There are very few ongoing clinical trials with omalizumab exclusively on children, although some adult studies have concluded pediatric patients as a part of their studies. Nevertheless, in pediatric clinical trials omalizumab has been demonstrated to be effective and safe also in this age group. Herein, the authors present a systematic review of extensive literature data on the use of omalizumab in children and adolescents.
免疫球蛋白E（IgE）于1966年被发现，被认为在抗蠕虫免疫防御、I型超敏反应和过敏性疾病中发挥作用。IgE通过与组织肥大细胞和血液嗜碱性粒细胞上表达的Fc受体（高亲和力Fcε受体I和低亲和力Fcε受体II或CD23）结合来介导过敏反应。这种结合导致脱颗粒和促炎介质的释放。鉴于IgE在过敏性疾病中的关键作用，抗IgE抗体推动了一系列新的治疗策略，在这方面，奥马珠单抗（rhuMAb-E25，Xolair）已被开发为一种单克隆生物药物，用于阻断血清IgE。尽管奥马珠单抗在许多患有过敏性疾病的成年人群中得到了深入研究，但针对儿童的异质性研究较少。专门针对儿童使用奥马珠单抗的正在进行的临床试验非常少，尽管一些成人研究将儿科患者纳入了他们的研究。然而，在儿科临床试验中，奥马珠单抗在这个年龄组中也被证明是有效和安全的。在此，作者对关于奥马珠单抗在儿童和青少年中使用的大量文献数据进行了系统综述。
