柔性支气管镜检查在儿童呼吸系统疾病诊断和治疗中的作用：突尼斯一家独特儿科单位的经验
Flexible bronchoscopy contribution in the approach of diagnosis and treatment of children's respiratory diseases: the experience of a unique pediatric unit in Tunisia.
作者信息
Hamouda Samia, Oueslati Amal, Belhadj Imen, Khalsi Fatma, Tinsa Faten, Boussetta Khadija
机构信息
Bechir Hamza Children's Hospital of Tunis, Department B.
出版信息
Afr Health Sci. 2016 Mar;16(1):51-60. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v16i1.7.
OBJECTIVE
Our study aimed at assessing the role of flexible bronchoscopy (FB) in improving diagnosis and management of children's respiratory conditions in the pediatric unit of FB, newly created and unique in Tunisia.
METHODS
Retrospective study including all the FB achieved in our pediatric unit from 2009 to 2014.
RESULTS
We performed 365 FB in 333 patients aged 46 months on average (1 month - 15 years), often under conscious anesthesia (81.6%). FB was performed for diagnostic purposes in 341 cases and for therapeutic purposes in 24 cases. Eight anatomical abnormalities were revealed in 22 patients. An intraluminal bronchial obstruction was found in 71 FB, mainly due to a foreign body (n=36). A vascular anomaly was responsible for nine cases out of 17 extraluminal obstructions. Airways malacia was observed in 60 FB. Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed in 196 cases. It was determinant in 43.9% of the cases. FB was of great diagnostic value in 74.8% of the cases. It influenced the management of the patients in 58% of the cases. The FB for therapeutic purposes was beneficial in all cases. Few complications occurred (5.5%).
CONCLUSION
FB is a safe tool providing precious diagnostic and/or therapeutic help for the clinician.
目的
我们的研究旨在评估在突尼斯新建的、独一无二的儿科柔性支气管镜检查（FB）单元中，柔性支气管镜检查在改善儿童呼吸道疾病诊断和管理方面的作用。
方法
回顾性研究纳入了2009年至2014年在我们儿科单元进行的所有柔性支气管镜检查。
结果
我们对333例平均年龄46个月（1个月至15岁）的患者进行了365次柔性支气管镜检查，通常在清醒麻醉下进行（81.6%）。柔性支气管镜检查用于诊断目的341例，用于治疗目的24例。22例患者发现了8种解剖异常。71次柔性支气管镜检查发现管腔内支气管阻塞，主要原因是异物（n = 36）。17例管腔外阻塞中有9例是由血管异常引起的。60次柔性支气管镜检查观察到气道软化。196例进行了支气管肺泡灌洗。在43.9%的病例中具有决定性作用。74.8%的病例中柔性支气管镜检查具有很大的诊断价值。58%的病例中影响了患者的管理。治疗性柔性支气管镜检查在所有病例中均有益。发生的并发症很少（5.5%）。
结论
柔性支气管镜检查是一种安全的工具，可为临床医生提供宝贵的诊断和/或治疗帮助。
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