The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 950 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
Biomater Res. 2016 Jun 29;20:20. doi: 10.1186/s40824-016-0067-1. eCollection 2016.
T cells play a central role in immune-homeostasis; specifically in the induction of antigen-specific adaptive immunity against pathogens and mutated self with immunological memory. The thymus is the unique organ where T cells are generated. In this review, first the complex structures and functions of various thymic microcompartments are briefly discussed to identify critical engineering targets for regeneration of thymic functions in vitro and in vivo. Then the biomimetic regenerative engineering approaches are reviewed in three categories: 1) reconstruction of 3-D thymic architecture, 2) cellular engineering, and 3) biomaterials-based artificial presentation of critical biomolecules. For each engineering approach, remaining challenges and clinical opportunities are also identified and discussed.
T 细胞在免疫稳态中发挥着核心作用；特别是在诱导针对病原体和突变自身的抗原特异性适应性免疫以及免疫记忆方面。胸腺是生成 T 细胞的唯一器官。在这篇综述中，首先简要讨论了各种胸腺微环境的复杂结构和功能，以确定体外和体内胸腺功能再生的关键工程靶点。然后，将仿生再生工程方法分为三类进行综述：1）3-D 胸腺结构的重建，2）细胞工程，以及 3）基于生物材料的关键生物分子的人工呈现。对于每种工程方法，还确定并讨论了剩余的挑战和临床机会。
Zotero 插件