Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720; email:
State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China; email:
Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2016 Aug 4;54:469-98. doi: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-080615-095909. Epub 2016 Jan 17.
Twenty years ago, breakthroughs for reverse genetics analyses of negative-strand RNA (NSR) viruses were achieved by devising conditions for generation of infectious viruses in susceptible cells. Recombinant strategies have subsequently been engineered for members of all vertebrate NSR virus families, and research arising from these advances has profoundly increased understanding of infection cycles, pathogenesis, and complexities of host interactions of animal NSR viruses. These strategies also permitted development of many applications, including attenuated vaccines and delivery vehicles for therapeutic and biotechnology proteins. However, for a variety of reasons, it was difficult to devise procedures for reverse genetics analyses of plant NSR viruses. In this review, we discuss advances that have circumvented these problems and resulted in construction of a recombinant system for Sonchus yellow net nucleorhabdovirus. We also discuss possible extensions to other plant NSR viruses as well as the applications that may emanate from recombinant analyses of these pathogens.
二十年前，通过设计在易感细胞中生成感染性病毒的条件，实现了负链 RNA (NSR) 病毒反向遗传学分析的突破。随后，针对所有脊椎动物 NSR 病毒家族的成员设计了重组策略，这些进展所带来的研究极大地加深了对动物 NSR 病毒感染周期、发病机制和宿主相互作用复杂性的理解。这些策略还允许开发许多应用，包括减毒疫苗和治疗性和生物技术蛋白的传递载体。然而，由于各种原因，很难设计用于 NSR 植物病毒反向遗传学分析的程序。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了克服这些问题的进展，并构建了重组 Sonchus yellow net nucleorhabdovirus 系统。我们还讨论了可能将这些方法扩展到其他植物 NSR 病毒以及从这些病原体的重组分析中可能产生的应用。
