Ikeda Maria Leticia R, Barcellos Nemora T, Alencastro Paulo R, Wolff Fernando H, Moreira Leila B, Gus Miguel, Brandão Ajacio B M, Fuchs Flavio D, Fuchs Sandra C
Postgraduate Studies Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, R. Ramiro Barcelos 2600, 2°. andar, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Hospital Sanatório Partenon, State Department of Health, Rio Grande do Sul. Av. Bento Gonçalves, 3722, Porto Alegre, RS 90650-001, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2016 Jun 30;11(6):e0158535. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158535. eCollection 2016.
Alcohol consumption is highly prevalent in the general population and among HIV-infected population. This study aimed to compare the pattern of alcohol consumption and to describe characteristics associated with heavy alcohol consumption in individuals from the general population with patients infected with HIV.
Participants for this analysis came from a population-based cross-sectional study and from a consecutive sampling of patients infected with HIV. Participants aged 18 years or older were interviewed using similar questionnaires with questions pertaining to socio-demographic characteristics, alcohol consumption, smoking, physical activity, and HIV-related characteristics, among others. Blood pressure and anthropometric measures were measured using standardized procedures.
Weekly alcohol consumption was more prevalent among individuals from the general population than HIV-infected patients: 57.0 vs. 31.1%, P<0.001. The prevalence of heavy episodic drinking was higher in the population sample as well: 46.1 vs. 17.0%, P<0.001. In the general population, heavy alcohol consumption was more prevalent in men. Cigarette smoking was independently associated with heavy alcohol consumption among HIV infected (Prevalence Ratio; PR = 5.9; 95%CI 2.6-13.9; P<0,001) and general population (PR = 2.6; 95%CI 1.9-3.0; P<0.001). Years at school were inversely associated with heavy alcohol consumption among HIV-infected patients and directly associated among participants from the general population, even after controlling for sex, age, skin color, and smoking.
Heavy alcohol consumption is more prevalent in the general population than among HIV-infected patients. Individuals aware about their disease may reduce the amount of alcoholic beverages consumption comparatively to healthy individuals from the general population.
饮酒在普通人群和HIV感染人群中都极为普遍。本研究旨在比较饮酒模式，并描述普通人群与HIV感染患者中与大量饮酒相关的特征。
本分析的参与者来自一项基于人群的横断面研究以及对HIV感染患者的连续抽样。对18岁及以上的参与者使用类似的问卷进行访谈，问卷涉及社会人口学特征、饮酒、吸烟、身体活动以及HIV相关特征等问题。使用标准化程序测量血压和人体测量指标。
普通人群中每周饮酒的情况比HIV感染患者更为普遍：分别为57.0%和31.1%，P<0.001。大量饮酒的患病率在人群样本中也更高：分别为46.1%和17.0%，P<0.001。在普通人群中，大量饮酒在男性中更为普遍。吸烟在HIV感染者（患病率比值；PR = 5.9；95%CI 2.6 - 13.9；P<0.001）和普通人群（PR = 2.6；95%CI 1.9 - 3.0；P<0.001）中均与大量饮酒独立相关。在校年限在HIV感染患者中与大量饮酒呈负相关，而在普通人群参与者中呈正相关，即使在控制了性别、年龄、肤色和吸烟因素之后也是如此。
大量饮酒在普通人群中比在HIV感染患者中更为普遍。知晓自身病情的个体与普通人群中的健康个体相比，可能会减少酒精饮料的摄入量。
