Musumari Patou Masika, Tangmunkongvorakul Arunrat, Srithanaviboonchai Kriengkrai, Feldman Mitchell D, Sitthi Wathee, Rerkasem Kittipan, Techasrivichien Teeranee, Suguimoto S Pilar, Ono-Kihara Masako, Kihara Masahiro
Department of Global Health and Socio-epidemiology, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan.
Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
PLoS One. 2017 Nov 14;12(11):e0188088. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188088. eCollection 2017.
There has been a global increase in HIV infection in persons 50 years of age and older. This group is at risk for development of chronic illness that may be exacerbated by socio-behavioral risk factors such as smoking, unhealthy alcohol use, and sedentary lifestyle. However, socio-behavioral risk factors in this older HIV infected population are not well described. The current study aims to describe and document factors related to alcohol use, tobacco smoking, and physical exercise in older adults living with HIV (OALHIV).
This cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted between August and September 2015, and enrolled HIV-infected participants aged 50 years and older from 12 community hospitals in Chiang Mai Province, Northern Thailand.
Of the 364 participants recruited in the study, 57.1% were female, and 67.3% were between 50-59 years of age. Respectively, 15.1%, 59.1%, and 18.7% were current smokers, currently engaged in physical exercises, and reported ever drank alcohol in the past year. 22.1% of those who drank alcohol reported experience of heavy episodic drinking. Male gender was one of the strongest predictors of ever drank alcohol in the past year (AOR, 4.66; CI, 2.28-9.49; P<0.001) and of being a current smoker (AOR, 13.41; CI, 7.23-24.87; P<0.001). Lower household income was associated with increased odds of ever drank alcohol in the past year (household income (1 USD = 35 THB) of ≤ 5,000 Baht versus > 20,000 Baht: AOR, 5.34; CI, 1.28-22.25; P = 0.021). Lower educational level was associated with decreased odds of physical exercises (no education versus secondary and higher: AOR, 0.22; CI, 0.08-0.55; P = 0.001).
Smoking and alcohol use is common among OALHIV, with a substantial proportion not engaging in physical exercises. Interventions for OALHIV should particularly target males and those of lower socio-economic status to deter smoking and alcohol use and to promote physical exercises.
50岁及以上人群中的艾滋病毒感染在全球范围内呈上升趋势。该群体有患慢性病的风险，而吸烟、不健康饮酒和久坐不动的生活方式等社会行为风险因素可能会加剧这种情况。然而，在这个年龄较大的艾滋病毒感染人群中，社会行为风险因素并未得到充分描述。本研究旨在描述和记录与艾滋病毒感染者（OALHIV）中的饮酒、吸烟和体育锻炼相关的因素。
这项横断面定量研究于2015年8月至9月进行，招募了泰国北部清迈省12家社区医院中年龄在50岁及以上的艾滋病毒感染参与者。
在该研究招募的364名参与者中，57.1%为女性，67.3%年龄在50 - 59岁之间。目前吸烟者、目前进行体育锻炼者以及报告在过去一年中曾饮酒者分别占15.1%、59.1%和18.7%。在过去一年中曾饮酒者中有22.1%报告有大量饮酒经历。男性是过去一年中曾饮酒（调整后比值比[AOR]，4.66；置信区间[CI]，2.28 - 9.49；P < 0.001）和目前吸烟（AOR，13.41；CI，7.23 - 24.87；P < 0.001）的最强预测因素之一。较低的家庭收入与过去一年中曾饮酒的几率增加相关（家庭收入（1美元 = 35泰铢）≤ 5000泰铢与> 20000泰铢相比：AOR，5.34；CI，1.28 - 22.25；P = 0.021）。较低的教育水平与体育锻炼几率降低相关（未受过教育与中学及以上教育相比：AOR，0.22；CI，0.08 - 0.55；P = 0.001）。
吸烟和饮酒在艾滋病毒感染者中很常见，并存在相当比例的人不进行体育锻炼。针对艾滋病毒感染者的干预措施应特别针对男性和社会经济地位较低者，以阻止吸烟和饮酒并促进体育锻炼。
