Dumont C, Lacrosse D, Schils J L, de Kock M
Acta Anaesthesiol Belg. 2016;67(1):16-28.
The anesthesiologist's involvement in perioperative medicine has significantly changed. In order to identify patients at risks of perioperative complications, the anesthesiologist has to consider, amongst others, screening and management of undernutrition. For this purpose knowledge of prevalence and risk factors, along with screening tools and guidelines for an adapted nutritional management and outcomes of renutrition are mandatory. The present review intends to provide these tools to the Anesthesiologists.
We conduct a literature review in Pubmed, Direct Science and Cochrane Library without limit of time related to undernutrition in the perioperative period.
Undernutrition is common in surgical patients. Undernutrition is associated with an increase of morbidity, mortality, length of hospital stay and costs. Undernutrition could probably be detected during the anesthetic consultation with simple and rapid tests, such as SNAQ, MST, MUST and NRS-2002. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to validate such tests in surgical patients. Waiting for these results, we prefer MUST. The implementation of nutritional support recommendations would reduce postoperative complications.
The anesthesiologist could play an important role in undernutrition screening and its management in order to reduce perioperative morbidity.
麻醉医生在围手术期医学中的参与情况已发生显著变化。为了识别有围手术期并发症风险的患者，麻醉医生必须考虑诸多因素，其中包括对营养不良的筛查和管理。为此，了解患病率和风险因素，以及筛查工具、适应性营养管理指南和营养恢复的结果是必不可少的。本综述旨在为麻醉医生提供这些工具。
我们在PubMed、Direct Science和Cochrane图书馆进行了一项不限时间的文献综述，内容涉及围手术期的营养不良。
营养不良在外科患者中很常见。营养不良与发病率、死亡率、住院时间和费用的增加有关。在麻醉咨询期间，可能通过简单快速的测试，如SNAQ、MST、MUST和NRS - 2002检测到营养不良。然而，需要进一步研究以在外科患者中验证此类测试。在等待这些结果期间，我们更倾向于MUST。实施营养支持建议可减少术后并发症。
麻醉医生在营养不良的筛查及其管理中可发挥重要作用，以降低围手术期发病率。
