Vlachojannis Julia, Erne Paul, Zimmermann Benno, Chrubasik-Hausmann Sigrun
Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Freiburg, Albertstr. 9, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
Labor Signal Transduction, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital, Hebelstrasse 20, 4041, Basel, Switzerland.
Phytother Res. 2016 Oct;30(10):1641-1657. doi: 10.1002/ptr.5665. Epub 2016 Jul 1.
The aim of the study was to review the effect of cocoa flavanols on cardiovascular health, with emphasis on the doses ingested, and to analyze a range of cocoa products for content of these compounds. PubMed was searched from 2010 to locate systematic reviews (SR) on clinical effects of chocolate consumption. Thirteen SRs were identified and reviewed, and provided strong evidence that dark chocolate did not reduce blood pressure. The evidence was however strong for an association with increased flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD) and moderate for an improvement in blood glucose and lipid metabolism. Our analysis showed that cocoa products with around 100 mg epicatechin can reliably increase FMD, and that cocoa flavanol doses of around 900 mg or above may decrease blood pressure in specific individuals and/or if consumed over longer periods. Out of 32 cocoa product samples analyzed, the two food supplements delivered 900 mg of total flavanols and 100 mg epicatechin in doses of 7 g and 20 g and 3 and 8 g, respectively. To achieve these doses with chocolate, around 100 to 500 g (for 900 mg flavanols) and 50 to 200 g (for 100 mg epicatechin) would need to be consumed. Chocolate products marketed for their purported health benefits should therefore declare the amounts of total flavanols and epicatechin. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
本研究的目的是回顾可可黄烷醇对心血管健康的影响，重点关注摄入剂量，并分析一系列可可产品中这些化合物的含量。检索了PubMed 2010年以来关于食用巧克力临床效果的系统评价（SR）。共识别并回顾了13篇SR，其提供了有力证据表明黑巧克力不能降低血压。然而，有强有力的证据表明其与血流介导的血管舒张（FMD）增加有关，对改善血糖和脂质代谢的证据力度为中等。我们的分析表明，含有约100毫克表儿茶素的可可产品可可靠地增加FMD，约900毫克及以上的可可黄烷醇剂量可能会使特定个体的血压降低，和/或如果长期食用也可能降低血压。在所分析的32个可可产品样本中，两种食品补充剂分别以7克和20克以及3克和8克的剂量提供了900毫克总黄烷醇和100毫克表儿茶素。要通过巧克力达到这些剂量，大约需要食用100至五百克（对于900毫克黄烷醇）和50至200克（对于100毫克表儿茶素）。因此，以其所谓的健康益处进行营销的巧克力产品应标明总黄烷醇和表儿茶素的含量。版权所有© 2016约翰威立父子有限公司。
