Hussein Hala, Ibrahim Fidaa, Sobngwi Eugène, Gautier Jean François, Boudou Philippe
Unit of Hormonal Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Saint-Louis University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), 1 avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France.
Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medicine and Specialties, Laboratory for Molecular and Metabolic Medicine, The Biotechnology Centre, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Clin Biochem. 2017 Jan;50(1-2):94-96. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2016.06.008. Epub 2016 Jun 27.
Zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) is specifically expressed in the pancreatic β-cell and is more restricted in its tissue distribution than other auto-antigens as glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD) and insulinoma-associated antigen-2 (IA2). ZnT8 autoantibodies (ZnT8A) assessment allows identifying rapid progression to clinical onset of the disease. We evaluated the prevalence of ZnT8A in adults of different ethnic and phenotypic groups and analyzed its potential utility as additional marker of autoimmunity in daily practice.
ZnT8A, GADA and IA2A were assessed using enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) in 160 controls and 216 diabetic subjects. 105 were of type 1 diabetes (T1D), 17 had Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adults (LADA), 38 were type 2 diabetic (T2D) and 56 had ketosis-prone diabetes (KPD). 82 patients were newly diagnosed cases.
ZnT8A were detected in 1% of controls and were not found in any of our 38 T2D subjects or 56 KPD subjects. In contrast, ZnT8A were detected in 18% of LADA subjects and in 38% of T1D subjects. A slight difference of percentage of ZnT8A positivity was found among our T1D ethnic groups. ZnT8A were positive in 41% of patients positive for GADA and 67% of patients positive for IA2A. The percentage of stratification achieved 91% when GADA, IA2A and ZnT8A were assessed simultaneously.
Results obtained for ZnT8A measurement using ELISA were consistent with previous data. Such investigation could improve the risk stratification and would be integrated in our daily practice.
锌转运体8（ZnT8）在胰腺β细胞中特异性表达，与其他自身抗原如谷氨酸脱羧酶65（GAD）和胰岛瘤相关抗原2（IA2）相比，其组织分布更为局限。评估ZnT8自身抗体（ZnT8A）有助于识别疾病向临床发病的快速进展。我们评估了不同种族和表型组成人中ZnT8A的患病率，并分析了其在日常实践中作为自身免疫附加标志物的潜在效用。
采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）法对160名对照者和216名糖尿病患者进行ZnT8A、GADA和IA2A检测。其中105例为1型糖尿病（T1D），17例为成人隐匿性自身免疫性糖尿病（LADA），38例为2型糖尿病（T2D），56例为酮症倾向糖尿病（KPD）。82例患者为新诊断病例。
1%的对照者检测到ZnT8A，38例T2D患者和56例KPD患者中均未检测到。相比之下，18%的LADA患者和38%的T1D患者检测到ZnT8A。在我们的T1D种族组中，ZnT8A阳性率存在轻微差异。GADA阳性患者中41%的ZnT8A呈阳性，IA2A阳性患者中67%的ZnT8A呈阳性。同时检测GADA、IA2A和ZnT8A时，分层百分比达到91%。
使用ELISA检测ZnT8A的结果与先前数据一致。此类检测可改善风险分层，并将纳入我们的日常实践。
