Yamaoka Yumiko, Bandoh Mitsuaki, Kawai Kensuke
a Stroke Center, NTT Medical Center Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.
b Department of Neurology , Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital , Tokyo , Japan.
Neurocase. 2016 Aug;22(4):387-91. doi: 10.1080/13554794.2016.1202288. Epub 2016 Jul 1.
We report two extremely rare cases involving the development of transient selective retrograde amnesia for simple machine operation lasting for several hours. A 61-year-old male taxi driver suddenly became unable to operate a taximeter, and a 66-year-old female janitor suddenly became unable to use a fax machine. They could precisely recount their episodes to others both during and after the attacks, and their memories during their attacks corresponded to the memory of the witness and the medical records of the doctor, respectively. Therefore, it appears that these individuals remained alert and did not develop anterograde amnesia during their attacks. On day 4, they underwent high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and diffusion-weighted MRI with 2-mm section thickness revealed small high-intensity signal lesions in the left hippocampal cornu ammonis area 1 (CA1) region. However, these lesions disappeared during the chronic phase. This is the first report describing lesions detected by MRI in patients with transient selective amnesia without anterograde amnesia. Reversible damage to the hippocampal CA1 region may cause transient selective amnesia by impairing the retrieval of relevant memories.
我们报告了两例极为罕见的病例，患者出现了针对简单机器操作的短暂性选择性逆行性遗忘，持续数小时。一名61岁的男性出租车司机突然无法操作出租车计价器，一名66岁的女性门卫突然无法使用传真机。他们在发作期间和发作后都能准确地向他人讲述自己的经历，并且他们发作期间的记忆分别与目击者的记忆和医生的病历相符。因此，这些个体在发作期间似乎保持清醒，并未出现顺行性遗忘。在第4天，他们接受了高分辨率磁共振成像（MRI）检查，2毫米层厚的扩散加权MRI显示左侧海马杏仁核1区（CA1）有小的高强度信号病变。然而，这些病变在慢性期消失了。这是第一份描述在无顺行性遗忘的短暂性选择性遗忘患者中通过MRI检测到病变的报告。海马CA1区的可逆性损伤可能通过损害相关记忆的提取而导致短暂性选择性遗忘。
