Salas Manuel, Rubio Lorena, Torrero Carmen, Carreon Mitzi, Regalado Mirelta
Department of Developmental Neurobiology and Neurophysiology, Institute of Neurobiology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Campus UNAM Juriquilla, Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, Queretaro, Mexico.
Department of Developmental Neurobiology and Neurophysiology, Institute of Neurobiology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Campus UNAM Juriquilla, Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, Queretaro, Mexico.
Acta Histochem. 2016 Jul;118(6):581-587. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2016.06.003. Epub 2016 Jun 28.
During the gestation and the lactating periods the gustatory papillae contain taste buds that respond to different flavors and aversive stimuli. The current study analyzed the effects of pre-and neonatal undernutrition on the circumvallate papillae of rats at 12, 20, and 30days of age. Early undernourishment occurred from gestational days G6 to G19 when dams received low percentages of food followed by a balanced diet from G20-21. After birth pups were underfed by rotating two lactating dams every 12h; in one of them, the nipples were tied. The pups were weaned at 25days of age, and then given an ad libitum diet. Under anesthesia the tongues were removed and stained with the hematoxylin-eosin (H-E) procedure. The results indicated that young underfed rats had significantly body weight reductions. The tongue measurements in underfed rats showed reduced total area and length of the anterior portion, but there were negligible effects on the posterior portion. The circumvallate papillae in underfed rats was significantly reduced in major length, major diameter, and total and upper areas, but unaffected in the lateral wall trench region. The taste bud areas and minor diameter were unaffected by undernutrition, but there were significant reductions in the total number of visible taste buds and the major diameter, delayed opening of taste bud pores, and an increased number of closed pores were also observed. These alterations by undernutrition reflect the vulnerability of structures in the gustatory oral cavity and suggest a possible interference with the receptorś activation, and transduction and perhaps with the taste encoding of signals to generate the gustatory sensory and hedonic responses.
在妊娠期和哺乳期，味觉乳头含有对不同味道和厌恶刺激产生反应的味蕾。本研究分析了产前和新生儿期营养不良对12、20和30日龄大鼠轮廓乳头的影响。早期营养不良发生在妊娠第6天至第19天，在此期间，母鼠摄入低比例食物，随后从第20 - 21天开始给予均衡饮食。出生后，每12小时轮换两只哺乳母鼠来使幼崽吃不饱；其中一只母鼠的乳头被系住。幼崽在25日龄时断奶，然后给予自由采食的饮食。在麻醉状态下取出舌头，并用苏木精 - 伊红（H - E）染色法进行染色。结果表明，幼年时吃不饱的大鼠体重显著降低。吃不饱的大鼠舌头测量结果显示，前部的总面积和长度减小，但对后部的影响可忽略不计。吃不饱的大鼠轮廓乳头的主要长度、主要直径、总面积和上部面积显著减小，但侧壁沟区域未受影响。味蕾面积和次要直径不受营养不良影响，但可见味蕾总数和主要直径显著减小，味蕾孔开口延迟，且观察到封闭孔数量增加。营养不良引起的这些改变反映了味觉口腔结构的脆弱性，并表明可能干扰了受体的激活、转导，或许还干扰了信号的味觉编码，从而产生味觉感官和享乐反应。
