Rachele Jerome N, Ghani Fatima, Loh Venurs H Y, Brown Wendy J, Turrell Gavin
Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Australia; School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health and Social Work and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Australia.
Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Australia; School of Public Health and Social Work and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Australia.
Prev Med. 2016 Dec;93:219-225. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.06.034. Epub 2016 Jun 28.
Limitations have arisen when measuring associations between the neighbourhood social environment and physical activity, including same-source bias, and the reliability of aggregated neighbourhood-level social environment measures. This study examines cross-sectional associations between the neighbourhood social environment (perceptions of incivilities, crime, and social cohesion) and self-reported physical activity, while accounting for same-source bias and reliability of neighbourhood-level exposure measures, using data from a large population-based clustered sample. This investigation included 11,035 residents aged 40-65years from 200 neighbourhoods in Brisbane, Australia, in 2007. Respondents self-reported their physical activity and perceptions of the social environment (neighbourhood incivilities, crime and safety, and social cohesion). Models were adjusted for individual-level education, occupation, and household income, and neighbourhood disadvantage. Exposure measures were generated via split clusters and an empirical Bayes estimation procedure. Data were analysed in 2016 using multilevel multinomial logistic regression. Residents of neighbourhoods with the highest incivilities and crime, and lowest social cohesion were reference categories. Individuals were more likely to be in the higher physical activity categories if they were in neighbourhoods with the lowest incivilities and the lowest crime. No associations were found between social cohesion and physical activity. This study provides a basis from which to gain a clearer understanding of the relationship between the neighbourhood social environment and individual physical activity. Further work is required to explore the pathways between perceptions of the neighbourhood social environment and physical activity.
在衡量邻里社会环境与身体活动之间的关联时出现了一些局限性，包括同源偏差以及邻里层面社会环境综合测量的可靠性。本研究使用来自一个基于人群的大型聚类样本的数据，在考虑同源偏差和邻里层面暴露测量的可靠性的同时，考察邻里社会环境（对不文明行为、犯罪和社会凝聚力的感知）与自我报告的身体活动之间的横断面关联。这项调查纳入了2007年澳大利亚布里斯班200个社区的11,035名40 - 65岁的居民。受访者自我报告了他们的身体活动以及对社会环境的感知（邻里不文明行为、犯罪与安全以及社会凝聚力）。模型针对个人层面的教育、职业和家庭收入以及邻里劣势进行了调整。暴露测量通过拆分聚类和经验贝叶斯估计程序生成。2016年使用多水平多项逻辑回归对数据进行了分析。将不文明行为和犯罪程度最高且社会凝聚力最低的社区居民作为参照类别。如果个人所在社区的不文明行为和犯罪程度最低，那么他们更有可能处于较高的身体活动类别。未发现社会凝聚力与身体活动之间存在关联。本研究为更清晰地理解邻里社会环境与个人身体活动之间的关系提供了一个基础。需要进一步开展工作来探索邻里社会环境感知与身体活动之间的途径。
