Bonecchi Raffaella, Graham Gerard J
Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Italy.
Chemokine Research Group, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow , Glasgow , UK.
Front Immunol. 2016 Jun 10;7:224. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00224. eCollection 2016.
Chemokines and their receptors are key mediators of the inflammatory process regulating leukocyte extravasation and directional migration into inflamed and infected tissues. The control of chemokine availability within inflamed tissues is necessary to attain a resolving environment and when this fails chronic inflammation ensues. Accordingly, vertebrates have adopted a number of mechanisms for removing chemokines from inflamed sites to help precipitate resolution. Over the past 15 years, it has become apparent that essential players in this process are the members of the atypical chemokine receptor (ACKR) family. Broadly speaking, this family is expressed on stromal cell types and scavenges chemokines to either limit their spatial availability or to remove them from in vivo sites. Here, we provide a brief review of these ACKRs and discuss their involvement in the resolution of inflammatory responses and the therapeutic implications of our current knowledge.
趋化因子及其受体是炎症过程的关键介质，可调节白细胞渗出以及向炎症和感染组织的定向迁移。为了实现炎症消退的环境，控制炎症组织中趋化因子的可利用性是必要的，而当这一过程失败时，就会引发慢性炎症。因此，脊椎动物采用了多种机制来清除炎症部位的趋化因子，以帮助促进炎症消退。在过去的15年里，很明显非典型趋化因子受体（ACKR）家族的成员是这一过程中的关键参与者。一般来说，该家族在基质细胞类型上表达，并清除趋化因子，以限制其空间可利用性或从体内位点将其清除。在此，我们简要综述这些ACKR，并讨论它们在炎症反应消退中的作用以及我们现有知识的治疗意义。
