Lense Miriam D, Dykens Elisabeth M
Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, AtlantaGA, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, NashvilleTN, USA; Program for Music, Mind and Society, Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, NashvilleTN, USA.
Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville TN, USA.
Front Psychol. 2016 Jun 20;7:886. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00886. eCollection 2016.
Beat perception in music has been proposed to be a human universal that may have its origins in adaptive processes involving temporal entrainment such as social communication and interaction. We examined beat perception skills in individuals with Williams syndrome (WS), a genetic, neurodevelopmental disorder. Musical interest and hypersociability are two prominent aspects of the WS phenotype although actual musical and social skills are variable. On a group level, beat and meter perception skills were poorer in WS than in age-matched peers though there was significant individual variability. Cognitive ability, sound processing style, and musical training predicted beat and meter perception performance in WS. Moreover, we found significant relationships between beat and meter perception and adaptive communication and socialization skills in WS. Results have implications for understanding the role of predictive timing in both music and social interactions in the general population, and suggest music as a promising avenue for addressing social communication difficulties in WS.
音乐中的节拍感知被认为是一种人类普遍具备的能力，其起源可能与涉及时间同步的适应性过程有关，比如社交沟通与互动。我们对患有威廉姆斯综合征（WS）的个体的节拍感知技能进行了研究，威廉姆斯综合征是一种遗传性神经发育障碍。音乐兴趣和高度社交性是威廉姆斯综合征表型的两个突出特征，不过实际的音乐和社交技能存在个体差异。在群体层面上，威廉姆斯综合征患者的节拍和韵律感知技能比年龄匹配的同龄人要差，尽管个体差异显著。认知能力、声音处理方式和音乐训练能够预测威廉姆斯综合征患者的节拍和韵律感知表现。此外，我们发现威廉姆斯综合征患者的节拍和韵律感知与适应性沟通及社交技能之间存在显著关联。研究结果对于理解预测性时间在普通人群音乐和社交互动中的作用具有启示意义，并表明音乐是解决威廉姆斯综合征社交沟通困难的一个有前景的途径。
