神经生理学与威廉斯综合征个体动态节拍跟踪的关联。
Neurophysiological Correlates of Dynamic Beat Tracking in Individuals With Williams Syndrome.
机构信息
Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Curb Center for Art, Enterprise, and Public Policy, Nashville, Tennessee.
Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Curb Center for Art, Enterprise, and Public Policy, Nashville, Tennessee.
出版信息
Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging. 2022 Nov;7(11):1183-1191. doi: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.10.003. Epub 2020 Oct 22.
BACKGROUND
Williams syndrome (WS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by hypersociability, heightened auditory sensitivities, attention deficits, and strong musical interests despite differences in musical skills. Behavioral studies have reported that individuals with WS exhibit variable beat and rhythm perception skills.
METHODS
We sought to investigate the neural basis of beat tracking in individuals with WS using electroencephalography. Twenty-seven adults with WS and 16 age-matched, typically developing control subjects passively listened to musical rhythms with accents on either the first or second tone of the repeating pattern, leading to distinct beat percepts.
RESULTS
Consistent with the role of beta and gamma oscillations in rhythm processing, individuals with WS and typically developing control subjects showed strong evoked neural activity in both the beta (13-30 Hz) and gamma (31-55 Hz) frequency bands in response to beat onsets. This neural response was somewhat more distributed across the scalp for individuals with WS. Compared with typically developing control subjects, individuals with WS exhibited significantly greater amplitude of auditory evoked potentials (P1-N1-P2 complex) and modulations in evoked alpha (8-12 Hz) activity, reflective of sensory and attentional processes. Individuals with WS also exhibited markedly stable neural responses over the course of the experiment, and these responses were significantly more stable than those of control subjects.
CONCLUSIONS
These results provide neurophysiological evidence for dynamic beat tracking in WS and coincide with the atypical auditory phenotype and attentional difficulties seen in this population.
背景
威廉姆斯综合征（WS）是一种神经发育障碍，其特征是社交过度、听觉敏感度增强、注意力缺陷以及对音乐的强烈兴趣，尽管音乐技能存在差异。行为研究报告称，WS 患者表现出可变的节拍和节奏感知技能。
方法
我们试图使用脑电图研究 WS 个体的节拍跟踪的神经基础。27 名 WS 成年患者和 16 名年龄匹配的、典型发育的对照受试者被动地听带有重复模式的第一或第二音重音的音乐节奏，从而产生不同的节拍感知。
结果
与β和γ振荡在节奏处理中的作用一致，WS 患者和典型发育对照受试者在对节拍起始的反应中均表现出较强的诱发神经活动，在β（13-30 Hz）和γ（31-55 Hz）频段。WS 患者的这种神经反应在头皮上分布得更为广泛。与典型发育对照受试者相比，WS 患者的听觉诱发电位（P1-N1-P2 复合体）幅度明显更大，诱发α（8-12 Hz）活动的调制更大，反映了感觉和注意力过程。WS 患者在整个实验过程中也表现出明显更稳定的神经反应，并且这些反应明显比对照受试者更稳定。
结论
这些结果为 WS 中的动态节拍跟踪提供了神经生理学证据，与该人群中所见的异常听觉表型和注意力困难相吻合。
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