Kollareth Dolichan, Russell James A
a Department of Psychology , Boston College , Chestnut Hill , MA , USA.
Cogn Emot. 2017 Sep;31(6):1169-1180. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2016.1202200. Epub 2016 Jul 5.
Do different languages have a translation for the English word disgust that labels the same underlying concept? If not, the English word might label a culture-specific concept. Four studies (Ns = 93, 90, 180, 960) compared disgust to its common translation in Hindi (an Indo-European language) and in Malayalam (a Dravidian language) by examining two components of the concept thought of as a script: causal antecedent and facial expression. The English word was used to refer to reactions to both unclean substances and moral violations; Hindi and Malayalam translations referred mainly to moral violations. Speakers of all three languages associated different facial expressions to unclean substances and moral violations. Words for disgust in the three languages failed a test of translation equivalence (a correlation of .80 or above across emotional facial expressions).
对于英语单词“厌恶”所标注的相同潜在概念，不同语言是否都有对应的翻译呢？如果没有，那么这个英语单词可能标注的是一个特定于某种文化的概念。四项研究（样本量分别为93、90、180、960）通过考察被视为一种脚本的概念的两个组成部分：因果前因和面部表情，将英语中的“厌恶”与它在印地语（一种印欧语系语言）和马拉雅拉姆语（一种达罗毗荼语系语言）中的常用翻译进行了比较。英语单词用于指代对不洁净物质和道德违规行为的反应；印地语和马拉雅拉姆语的翻译主要指代道德违规行为。三种语言的使用者将不同的面部表情与不洁净物质和道德违规行为联系起来。这三种语言中表示“厌恶”的词汇未能通过翻译等效性测试（在情绪性面部表情上的相关性达到0.80或以上）。
