Iwasaki M, Kubo S, Ogata M, Nakasono I
Department of Legal Medicine, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Japan.
J Forensic Sci. 1989 May;34(3):659-64.
The proteolytic enzyme, proteinase K, has been found to destroy all vaginal cells though it does not have the same effect on spermatozoa. In cases of sexual offenses, in which a swab has been used to wipe out the vagina, the female cells and their nuclei on that swab may also contain the heads of spermatozoa. After as short a time as 30 min of proteinase K treatment, the spermatozoa that had separated from the enzymatically destroyed vaginal cells were recovered. This proteinase destruction furnishes some spermatozoa with deformed heads and a somewhat greater number of isolated tails though a sufficient number of spermatozoan heads still remain for a reliable diagnosis. For detection of spermatozoa from a vaginal swab after proteinase K pretreatment, the heads of the spermatozoa are distinctly stained by Oppitz's method. Further, on prior treatment with proteinase K, the ABO blood grouping of the spermatozoa could also be determined on the vaginal swab by using the absorption-elution technique. The resistance of the spermatozoa to proteinase K is the basis for this method.
蛋白水解酶蛋白酶K已被发现可破坏所有阴道细胞，不过它对精子没有同样的作用。在性犯罪案件中，若用拭子擦拭阴道，拭子上的女性细胞及其细胞核中可能也会有精子头部。经蛋白酶K处理短短30分钟后，就可从经酶破坏的阴道细胞中分离出精子。这种蛋白酶破坏会使一些精子头部变形，分离出的精子尾部数量也会略多一些，不过仍有足够数量的精子头部可用于可靠诊断。对于蛋白酶K预处理后的阴道拭子中的精子检测，精子头部可用奥皮茨法清晰染色。此外，在用蛋白酶K预处理后，还可通过吸收-洗脱技术在阴道拭子上确定精子的ABO血型。精子对蛋白酶K的抗性是此方法的基础。
