O'Dea Mark A, Tu Shin-Lin, Pang Stanley, De Ridder Thomas, Jackson Bethany, Upton Chris
School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
J Gen Virol. 2016 Sep;97(9):2363-2375. doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.000538. Epub 2016 Jul 7.
The carcass of an Australian little red flying fox (Pteropus scapulatus) which died following entrapment on a fence was submitted to the laboratory for Australian bat lyssavirus exclusion testing, which was negative. During post-mortem, multiple nodules were noted on the wing membranes, and therefore degenerate PCR primers targeting the poxvirus DNA polymerase gene were used to screen for poxviruses. The poxvirus PCR screen was positive and sequencing of the PCR product demonstrated very low, but significant, similarity with the DNA polymerase gene from members of the Poxviridae family. Next-generation sequencing of DNA extracted from the lesions returned a contig of 132 353 nucleotides (nt), which was further extended to produce a near full-length viral genome of 133 492 nt. Analysis of the genome revealed it to be AT-rich with inverted terminal repeats of at least 1314 nt and to contain 143 predicted genes. The genome contains a surprisingly large number (29) of genes not found in other poxviruses, one of which appears to be a homologue of the mammalian TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) gene. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the poxvirus described here is not closely related to any other poxvirus isolated from bats or other species, and that it likely should be placed in a new genus.
一只澳大利亚小红狐蝠(Pteropus scapulatus)被困在围栏上后死亡,其尸体被送往实验室进行澳大利亚蝙蝠狂犬病病毒排除检测,结果为阴性。尸检过程中,在翼膜上发现了多个结节,因此使用针对痘病毒DNA聚合酶基因的简并PCR引物来筛查痘病毒。痘病毒PCR筛查呈阳性,PCR产物测序显示与痘病毒科成员的DNA聚合酶基因有非常低但显著的相似性。对从病变部位提取的DNA进行的二代测序得到了一个132353个核苷酸(nt)的重叠群,进一步延伸后产生了一个长度为133492nt的近乎全长的病毒基因组。对该基因组的分析表明,它富含AT,具有至少1314nt的反向末端重复序列,并且包含143个预测基因。该基因组包含数量惊人的(29个)在其他痘病毒中未发现的基因,其中一个似乎是哺乳动物肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体(TRAIL)基因的同源物。系统发育分析表明,这里描述的痘病毒与从蝙蝠或其他物种中分离出的任何其他痘病毒都没有密切关系,并且它可能应该被归入一个新的属。