Fernandez Julio C C, Cárdenas César A, Bravo Alejandro, Lôbo-Hajdu Gisele, Willenz Philippe, Hajdu Eduardo
Museu Nacional, Departamento de Invertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, s/n, 2090-040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.; Email:
Departamento Científico, Instituto Antártico Chileno (INACH), Plaza Muñoz Gamero 1055, Punta Arenas 6200965, Chile.; Email:
Zootaxa. 2016 Mar 14;4092(1):69-89. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4092.1.4.
Our ongoing studies of the Chilean sponge fauna revealed four new species of Lissodendoryx (Ectyodoryx) that are described here, including three from the fjord's region (< 30 m depth, L.(E.) ballena sp. nov., L. (E.) corrugata sp. nov., L. (E.) coloanensis sp. nov.), and one from the deep waters off Diego Ramírez Archipelago (ca. 2000 m, L. (E.) diegoramirezensis sp. nov.). In addition, the type of L. (E.) anacantha was revised and found to bear much larger acanthostyles than originally reported. Our results revealed skeletal architectures quite distinct from that reported from the type species of L. (Ectyodoryx), and not predicted in the current diagnosis of Lissodendoryx, requiring an amended diagnosis. Ectosomal megascleres also set the majority of the new species apart from the type species of L. (Ectyodoryx), which does not have terminally microspined (sub)tylotes. This character is widespread in Lissodendoryx and might be pointing to phylogenetic affinities across the current subgeneric arrangement. Further morphologic characters and alternative phylogenetic scenarios are discussed, including hymedesmiid and myxillid affinities of the species described here.
我们对智利海绵动物区系的持续研究发现了四种新的 Lissodendoryx（Ectyodoryx）物种，在此进行描述，其中三种来自峡湾地区（深度小于30米，L.（E.）ballena 新种、L.（E.）corrugata 新种、L.（E.）coloanensis 新种），一种来自迭戈·拉米雷斯群岛附近的深水区域（约2000米，L.（E.）diegoramirezensis 新种）。此外，对 L.（E.）anacantha 的模式标本进行了修订，发现其具棘骨针比最初报道的要大得多。我们的研究结果揭示了其骨骼结构与 L.（Ectyodoryx）模式种所报道的截然不同，且在当前 Lissodendoryx 的诊断中未被预测到，因此需要修订诊断。皮层大骨针也使大多数新物种与 L.（Ectyodoryx）模式种有所不同，后者没有末端具微刺的（亚）杆状体。这一特征在 Lissodendoryx 中广泛存在，可能指向当前亚属分类下的系统发育亲缘关系。文中还讨论了进一步的形态学特征以及其他系统发育情况，包括此处描述的物种与 Hymedesmiidae 科和 Myxillidae 科的亲缘关系。
