Ott B, Reiswig H M, McDANIEL N, Harbo R
Research Associate, Invertebrate Zoology, pending, Royal British Columbia Museum, 675 Belleville St, Victoria, BC, Canada V8W 9W2.
Zootaxa. 2019 Nov 18;4700(1):zootaxa.4700.1.1. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4700.1.1.
Collections of sponges by the late Dr. William C. Austin and the authors (N. McDaniel, R. Harbo and B. Ott) provided material for descriptions of new species from two genera of Poecilosclerida for shallow waters of Southern British Columbia, Canada and Northern Washington, USA: Lissodendoryx and Myxilla. There have been no new species of these two genera described for the Northeast Pacific since Laubenfels' work in central California (Laubenfels 1930, 1932) and Lambe's reports in 1893 to 1895 for Geological Survey of Canada sponge collections from British Columbia, Canada to the Bering Sea. We describe three new species of Lissodendoryx (Lissodendoryx) (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida, Coelosphaeridae) and one new species of Myxilla (Myxilla) (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida, Myxillidae): L. (L.) barkleyensis n. sp., L. (L.) littoralis n. sp., L. (L.) toxaraphida n. sp. and M. (M.) austini n. sp. Lissodendoryx (L.) barkleyensis n. sp. is cave-dwelling, has acanthostyles 112-260 µm, tornotes 107-177 µm, arcuate isochelas 8-28 µm and two sizes of sigmas 18-29, 26-55 µm. Lissodendoryx (L.) littoralis n. sp. fistulate habitus is adapted to muddy substrates similar to some Polymastia species also found commonly in the Northeast Pacific. It has subtylostyles 185-336 µm, tylotes 112-229 µm, arcuate isochelas 11-23 µm, and sigmas 30-75 µm. Lissodendoryx (L.) toxaraphida n. sp. is the only described Lissodendoryx species with raphides shaped like toxas. It has acanthostyles 140-286 µm, tornotes 143-195µm, arcuate isochelas 18-34 µm and toxiform raphides 65-156 µm. Myxilla (M.) austini n. sp. has a fistulate habitus and both tornote and tylote megascleres. It appears to be tolerant of low oxygen environments. Myxilla (M.) austini n. sp. has smooth to sparsely spined styles 193-353 µm, tylotes 153-221 µm, tornotes 174-260 µm, two sizes of anchorate isochelas 13-27, 42-81 µm, and two sizes of sigmas 13-47, 33-78 µm. All specimens were collected from shallow water (intertidal to 25 m).
已故的威廉·C·奥斯汀博士以及作者（N. 麦克丹尼尔、R. 哈博和B. 奥特）所采集的海绵样本，为描述加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省南部和美国华盛顿州北部浅水区的两个皮海绵目属的新物种提供了材料：Lissodendoryx属和Myxilla属。自劳本费尔斯在加利福尼亚中部开展研究（劳本费尔斯，1930年、1932年）以及兰贝于1893年至1895年报告加拿大地质调查局从加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省到白令海采集的海绵样本以来，东北太平洋地区尚未有这两个属的新物种被描述。我们描述了Lissodendoryx（Lissodendoryx）属（寻常海绵纲，皮海绵目，腔球海绵科）的三个新物种以及Myxilla（Myxilla）属（寻常海绵纲，皮海绵目，Myxillidae科）的一个新物种：L.（L.）barkleyensis新种、L.（L.）littoralis新种、L.（L.）toxaraphida新种和M.（M.）austini新种。Lissodendoryx（L.）barkleyensis新种栖息于洞穴，具有112 - 260微米的棘状骨针、107 - 177微米的扭针、8 - 28微米的弓形等辐骨针以及两种尺寸的西格马骨针，分别为18 - 29微米和26 - 55微米。Lissodendoryx（L.）littoralis新种的管状习性使其适应泥质基质，类似于东北太平洋地区常见的一些多枝海绵属物种。它具有185 - 336微米的亚 tylostyles骨针、112 - 229微米的tylotes骨针、11 - 23微米的弓形等辐骨针以及30 - 75微米的西格马骨针。Lissodendoryx（L.）toxaraphida新种是唯一已知的具有像毒牙一样形状的针状体的Lissodendoryx属物种。它具有140 - 286微米的棘状骨针、143 - 195微米的扭针、18 - 34微米的弓形等辐骨针以及65 - 156微米的毒牙状针状体。Myxilla（M.）austini新种具有管状习性，同时拥有扭针和tylote大骨针。它似乎能够耐受低氧环境。Myxilla（M.）austini新种具有光滑至稀疏带刺的193 - 353微米的骨针、153 - 221微米的tylotes骨针、174 - 260微米的扭针、两种尺寸的锚状等辐骨针，分别为13 - 27微米和42 - 81微米，以及两种尺寸的西格马骨针，分别为13 - 47微米和33 - 78微米。所有标本均采集自浅水区域（潮间带至25米深处）。
