Suntsov V V
Izv Akad Nauk Ser Biol. 2016 Mar-Apr(2):117-27.
An ecological scenario of the origin of the plague microbe that is interpreted in the light of modern Darwinism (synthetic theory of evolution) is presented. It is shown that the plague microbe emerged from a clone of the psychrophilic saprozoonotic pseudotuberculosis microbe Yersinia pseudotuberculosis O:1b in the mountain steppe landscapes of Central Asia in the Sartan time, 22000-15000 years ago, in the monohostal Mongolian marmot (Marmota sibirica)-flea (Oropsylla silantiewi) host-parasite system. It was noted that the evolutionary process described corresponds to the sympatric form of speciation by transition ofthe clone of migrant founders to a new, already-existing ecological niche. It was established that monohostal specialization of the plague microbe was made possible due to heterothermia (5-37 degrees C) of marmots in the hibernation period. The factors of the speciation process--isolation, the struggle for existence, and natural selection--were analyzed.
本文提出了一种根据现代达尔文主义（综合进化论）来阐释的鼠疫微生物起源的生态情景。研究表明，鼠疫微生物起源于嗜冷性腐物寄生性假结核微生物耶尔森氏假结核杆菌O:1b的一个克隆体，该克隆体于22000至15000年前的萨尔坦时期，在中亚山地草原景观中，在单宿主蒙古旱獭（Marmota sibirica）-跳蚤（Oropsylla silantiewi）宿主-寄生虫系统中出现。研究指出，所描述的进化过程符合通过迁移奠基者克隆体转变到一个新的、已存在的生态位的同域物种形成形式。研究确定，由于旱獭在冬眠期的异温性（5至37摄氏度），鼠疫微生物的单宿主特化成为可能。对物种形成过程的因素——隔离、生存斗争和自然选择——进行了分析。
