Saeidnia Soodabeh, Gohari Ahmad R, Manayi Azadeh
Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran.
Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2016;17(11):1016-22. doi: 10.2174/1389201017666160709200208.
Pharmacognosy is a science, which study natural products as a source of new drug leads and effective drug development. Rational and economic search for novel lead structures could maximize the speed of drug discovery by using powerful high technology methods. Reverse pharmacognosy, a complementary to pharmacognosy, couples the high throughput screening (HTS), virtual screening and databases along with the knowledge of traditional medicines. These strategies lead to identification of numerous in vitro active and selective hits enhancing the speed of drug discovery from natural sources. Besides, reverse pharmacology is a target base drug discovery approach; in the first step, a hypothesis is made that the alteration of specific protein activity will produce beneficial curative effects. Both, reverse pharmacognosy and reverse pharmacology take advantages of high technology methods to accomplish their particular purposes. Moreover, reverse pharmacognosy effectively utilize traditional medicines and natural products as promising sources to provide new drug leads as well as promote the rational use of them by using valuable information like protein structure databases and chemical libraries which prepare pharmacological profile of traditional medicine, plant extract or natural compounds.
生药学是一门研究天然产物作为新药先导物来源和有效药物开发的科学。通过使用强大的高科技方法，合理且经济地寻找新型先导结构可以最大限度地提高药物发现的速度。逆向生药学是生药学的补充，它将高通量筛选（HTS）、虚拟筛选和数据库与传统药物知识相结合。这些策略有助于识别众多体外活性和选择性命中物，提高从天然来源发现药物的速度。此外，逆向药理学是一种基于靶点的药物发现方法；第一步是提出一个假设，即特定蛋白质活性的改变将产生有益的治疗效果。逆向生药学和逆向药理学都利用高科技方法来实现其特定目的。此外，逆向生药学有效地将传统药物和天然产物作为有前景的来源，通过使用诸如蛋白质结构数据库和化学文库等有价值的信息来提供新药先导物，并促进它们的合理使用，这些信息可制备传统药物、植物提取物或天然化合物的药理学概况。
