Fitzgerald Des, Rose Nikolas, Singh Ilina
Sociol Rev Monogr. 2016 Mar;64(1):221-237. doi: 10.1002/2059-7932.12022. Epub 2016 Apr 21.
This paper is about the relationship between cities and brains: it charts the back-and-forth between the hectic, stressful lives of urban citizens, and a psychological and neurobiological literature that claims to make such stress both visible and knowable. But beyond such genealogical labour, the paper also asks: what can a sociology concerned with the effects of 'biosocial' agencies take from a scientific literature on the urban brain? What might sociology even contribute to that literature, in its turn? To investigate these possibilities, the paper centres on the emergence and description of what it calls 'the ' - a term it deploys to hold together both an intellectual and scientific figure a real, physical enclosure. The is an image of the city embedded in neuropsychological concepts and histories, but it also describes an embodied set of (sometimes pathological) relations and effects that take places between cities and the people who live in them. At the heart of the paper is an argument that finding a way to thread these phenomena together might open up new paths for thinking about 'good' life in the contemporary city. Pushing at this claim, the paper argues that mapping the relations, histories, spaces, and people held together by this term is a vital task for the future of urban sociology.
它梳理了城市居民忙碌、紧张的生活与一门声称能让这种压力变得可见且可知的心理学和神经生物学文献之间的来回互动。但除了这种谱系学研究工作之外,本文还提出疑问:一门关注“生物社会”因素影响的社会学能从关于城市大脑的科学文献中汲取什么?反过来,社会学又可能对该文献做出什么贡献?为了探究这些可能性,本文聚焦于它所谓的“——”的出现与描述,这个术语被用来将一个学术和科学概念与一个真实的物理空间结合在一起。“——”是一个嵌入神经心理学概念和历史中的城市形象,但它也描述了城市与居住在其中的人们之间所发生的一系列具体的(有时是病态的)关系和影响。本文的核心观点是,找到一种方法将这些现象联系起来,可能会为思考当代城市中的“美好生活”开辟新的途径。基于这一观点,本文认为描绘由这个术语所联系起来的关系、历史、空间和人群,是城市社会学未来的一项重要任务。