Perol M, Vallon C, Vallon J J, Guérin J C
Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Lyon.
Rev Mal Respir. 1989;6(3):271-4.
This is a case report of a diffuse interstitial pneumonia which developed rapidly in a 45-year-old patient who was occupationally exposed to regular inhalations of motor oil spray. The diagnosis of lipid pneumonia was based on a lung biopsy carried out by thoracoscopy. The biochemical analysis of the lipid extracted from the alveolar lavage and of the pleural liquid showed the presence of hydrocarbons, which were analogous to those found in motor oil and the strippings that were used. The subsequent progress without treatment after removal from the risk showed a partial regression of the radiological abnormalities. The incidence of occupational pneumonia to mineral oils is relatively low when the frequency of exposure is taken into account: objective data on the extent and the nature of exposure are often incomplete in published observations. The occurrence of respiratory symptoms or radiological changes in exposed subjects requires, nevertheless, a search for a possible lipid pneumonia. The diagnosis rests on a biochemical and cytological analysis of the alveolar liquid and on a lung biopsy.
这是一例弥漫性间质性肺炎的病例报告，该病例发生在一名45岁的患者身上，他职业性地经常吸入机油喷雾。脂质性肺炎的诊断基于通过胸腔镜进行的肺活检。对从肺泡灌洗物和胸腔积液中提取的脂质进行的生化分析显示存在碳氢化合物，这些碳氢化合物与在机油和使用的脱模剂中发现的碳氢化合物类似。在脱离风险因素后未经治疗的后续病程显示放射学异常部分消退。考虑到接触频率，职业性矿物油肺炎的发病率相对较低：已发表的观察结果中关于接触程度和性质的客观数据往往不完整。然而，接触者出现呼吸道症状或放射学改变时，仍需排查是否可能患有脂质性肺炎。诊断依赖于对肺泡液的生化和细胞学分析以及肺活检。
