Fravel Vanessa A, Lowenstine Linda J, Koehne Amanda
Six Flags Discovery Kingdom, 1001 Fairgrounds Drive, Vallejo, CA 94589, USA.
Dis Aquat Organ. 2016 Jul 7;120(2):159-64. doi: 10.3354/dao03014.
A wild-born, captive-reared, 14 yr old, primiparous female California sea lion Zalophus californianus presented for anorexia of 14 d duration and abdominal distention. Routine complete blood cell count revealed leukocytosis with a neutrophilia, and serum chemistry revealed hypoalbumenemia and hyponatremia. Treatment with broad spectrum antibiotics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatories were started, but the animal continued to decline. Abdominal radiographs revealed a mature mineralized fetal skull and spine in the caudal abdomen and abdominal ultrasound revealed ascites but could not confirm the fetus. The patient was taken to surgery where a full term fetus was found outside of the uterus but within the fetal membranes, representing a secondary ectopic pregnancy. The patient passed away during surgery and was taken to necropsy. Gross necropsy revealed a diffuse peritonitis with yellow deposits over the serosal surfaces of the abdominal organs. The uterus appeared intact grossly and the ovaries appeared abnormal. The mesenteric, renal, and sub-lumbar nodes were enlarged and edematous. Histopathology revealed choriocarcinoma in the right uterine horn with evidence of chronic uterine rupture and protrusion of the placental tissue into the abdomen. The choriocarcinoma had metastasized locally as well as to the liver, spleen and lung. Choriocarcinoma is a highly malignant trophoblastic neoplasm that is rare in domestic animals. This case represents, to the authors' knowledge, the first report of gestational choriocarcinoma causing secondary ectopic pregnancy in a California sea lion and presents questions regarding pregnancy monitoring and management in a population of captive, minimally trained California sea lions.
一只野生出生、圈养长大的14岁初产雌性加利福尼亚海狮（Zalophus californianus）因持续14天的厌食和腹胀前来就诊。常规全血细胞计数显示白细胞增多伴中性粒细胞增多，血清生化检查显示低白蛋白血症和低钠血症。开始使用广谱抗生素和非甾体抗炎药进行治疗，但该动物病情仍持续恶化。腹部X光片显示在尾腹部有一个成熟的矿化胎儿头骨和脊柱，腹部超声显示有腹水，但无法确认胎儿情况。该患者被送去手术，术中发现一个足月胎儿在子宫外但在胎膜内，这是一例继发性异位妊娠。患者在手术过程中死亡并进行了尸检。大体尸检显示弥漫性腹膜炎，腹部器官浆膜表面有黄色沉积物。子宫大体外观完整，卵巢看起来异常。肠系膜、肾和腰下淋巴结肿大且水肿。组织病理学显示右子宫角有绒毛膜癌，有慢性子宫破裂及胎盘组织突入腹腔的证据。绒毛膜癌已发生局部转移，并转移至肝脏、脾脏和肺部。绒毛膜癌是一种高度恶性的滋养层肿瘤，在家畜中罕见。据作者所知，该病例是加利福尼亚海狮中由妊娠绒毛膜癌导致继发性异位妊娠的首例报告，并提出了关于圈养的、训练较少的加利福尼亚海狮群体中妊娠监测和管理的问题。
