Dutriaux Léo, Gyselinck Valérie
Laboratoire Mémoire et Cognition, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Institut de Psychologie, Centre Henri Piéron, Boulogne Billancourt, France.
PLoS One. 2016 Jul 14;11(7):e0159108. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159108. eCollection 2016.
Grounded cognition proposes that memory shares processing resources with sensorimotor systems. The aim of the present study was to show that motor simulation participates in the conceptual representation of manipulable objects in long-term memory. In two experiments, lists of manipulable and nonmanipulable objects were presented. Participants were instructed to memorize the items while adopting different postures. In the control condition, they had to keep their hands at rest in front of them. In the interference condition, participants had to keep their hands crossed behind their back to make their hands less free for action. After each list, participants had to perform first a distractive task, and then an oral free recall. The results showed that the interfering posture produced a specific decrease in the recall of manipulable objects, but not of nonmanipulable ones. This decrease was similar when the items were presented as pictures (Experiment 1) or as words (Experiment 2), thus excluding a purely visual effect. These results provide strong evidence that the motor simulation plays a role in the memory trace of the object.
具身认知理论认为，记忆与感觉运动系统共享处理资源。本研究的目的是表明运动模拟参与了长期记忆中可操作物体的概念表征。在两个实验中，呈现了可操作和不可操作物体的列表。参与者被要求在采用不同姿势的同时记住这些物品。在控制条件下，他们必须将手放在身前保持静止。在干扰条件下，参与者必须将手交叉放在背后，以使他们的手不太便于行动。在每组列表之后，参与者必须先执行一项干扰任务，然后进行口头自由回忆。结果表明，干扰姿势导致可操作物体的回忆出现特定下降，但不可操作物体的回忆没有下降。当物品以图片形式呈现（实验1）或单词形式呈现（实验2）时，这种下降是相似的，从而排除了纯粹的视觉效应。这些结果提供了有力证据，证明运动模拟在物体的记忆痕迹中发挥了作用。
