a Department of Experimental Psychology and Physiology of Behavior , University of Granada , Campus Cartuja, E-18071 Granada , Spain.
b Institute of Neurosciences Dr. F. Oloriz, University of Granada , Spain.
Nutr Neurosci. 1999;2(5):277-302. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.1999.11747284.
Diet selection is the result of different learning experiences that accumulate throughout the life of the organism. The acquisition of aversions to the taste of food followed by mild or severe visceral negative effects plays an important role in food selection. Current knowledge on the role of the critical brain areas (parabrachial area, insular cortex and amygdala) involved in the basic associative neural circuit of taste aversion learning is reviewed. In turn, as shown by a variety of learning phenomena, the development of new aversions to the taste of different types of food is profoundly modulated by the memory of previous learning experiences with the same or different tastes. Some of these phenomena may depend on memory brain systems independent of the basic circuit for taste aversion learning. This seems to be the case for contextual effects and conditioned blocking that depend on the hippocampal integrity. Experimental evidence on the neural basis of complex learning phenomena in taste aversion learning is reviewed. Thus, understanding the way in which taste aversion learning regulates diet selection in daily life requires the study of interactions between hippocampal and non-hippocampal dependent memory systems. Taste aversion learning is proposed as a useful behavioral tool in the investigation of different brain circuits that are critical for food selection.
饮食选择是生物体一生中不同学习经验积累的结果。对食物味道的厌恶感的获得，随后是轻微或严重的内脏负面效应，在食物选择中起着重要作用。本文综述了目前关于参与味觉厌恶学习基本联想神经回路的关键脑区（臂旁核区、脑岛和杏仁核）作用的知识。反过来，正如各种学习现象所表明的，对不同类型食物味道的新厌恶感的发展，受到对相同或不同味道的先前学习经验的记忆的深刻调节。其中一些现象可能依赖于与味觉厌恶学习的基本回路无关的记忆脑系统。对于依赖海马体完整性的上下文效应和条件性阻断来说就是如此。本文综述了味觉厌恶学习中复杂学习现象的神经基础的实验证据。因此，要理解味觉厌恶学习如何调节日常生活中的饮食选择，就需要研究海马体和非海马体依赖记忆系统之间的相互作用。味觉厌恶学习被提议作为研究对食物选择至关重要的不同脑回路的有用行为工具。
